Endocrine Flashcards
(22 cards)
What antibodies are associated with the following conditions?
a) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
b) Grave’s Disease
a) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis- Anti-thyroglobulin and Anti-TPO
b) Grave’s Disease- Thyroid stimulating hormone and Anti-TPO
hiii :)
‘patchy uptake’ on thyroid scintigraphy indicates?
Toxic Multi-nodular thyroid disease
‘diffuse homogenous, increased uptake of radio-active iodine’ indicates?
Grave’s disease
‘cold nodule’ on scintigraphy indicates
thyroid cancer
When are Sub-Clinical thyroid disorders treated?
If <65 years old treatment is indicated
What is indicates in poor compliance with thyroxine medications?
(TSH and T4 levels)
- high TSH and normal T4
What is the most common cause of hyperaldosteronism in the UK
Bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia
What acid base disorder is cushings syndrome assoicated with
hypokolemic metabolic alkalosis
What is the immediate management of myxoedema coma?
IV thyroxine + hydrocortisone
What is the acute management of thyroid storm?
1st line- beta blockers, propylthiouracil and hydrocortisone
What is tertiary hyperparathyroidism and PTH and Ca2+ levels like?
Ca2+ (Normal or high)
PTH (Elevated_
This is caused by long term secondary hypoparathyroidism where problem is solved but hyperplastic changes of the parathyroid glands occur
inapropriately high- PTH
high calcium
What is the management of Kallmans Syndrome?
Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
(low gnRH, LH, FSH, and testosterone)
1st line- tesosterone replacement
What is the mechanism of the following two drugs:
a) DPP-4 inhibitors
b) GLP-1 Agonists
a) DPP4-inhibitor- reduces the peripheral breakdown of incretins
b) GLP-1 Agonist- mimics incretins
What is the mechanism of Thiazolidiodiadones?
-PPAR-gamma receptor and reduces peripheral insulin resistance
What anti-diabetic drug is contra-indicated in bladder cancer
piaglitizone
What type of medication is orlistat?
Lipase inhibitor
What type of medication class is Ozempec?
GLP-1
What BMI indicates referral for bariatric surgery?
40-50 kg/m^2 etc) ar
What is the 1st line management prophylaxis of epistaxis?
prophylaxis- naseptin cream (MUST avoid if allergy to peanuts)
What is assoicated neck swelling located anterior triangle
thyroglossal cyst
What is most common neck lump associated with following;
(lateral neck)
a) anterior to sternocleidomastoid muscle
b) posterior to sternocleidomastoid muscle
a) branchial cyst (anterior- a,b)
b) lymphatic malformations
