Endocrine

Question 1

Method of action for peptide hormone

Answer 1

Modify activity of existing enzymes in cytoplasm= rapid effects

Question 2

Polypeptide vs amino acid derived hormones

Answer 2

Amino Acid from single amino acid, no peptide bonds.

Question 3

Steroid hormone mechanism for action

Answer 3

Hydrophobic. Made from cholesterol in endoplasmic reticulum. Diffuse into bio membrane, only made when needed. Bind to receptor in CYTOPLASM. Bonds to ligand. Complex moves to nucleus. Is a sequence specific transcription regulator.

Question 4

What do steroid hormones effect

Answer 4

Modify transcription to change amount or type of protein in cells

Question 5

Hormone time to work, and length of action?

Answer 5

Steroid - Effect exerted slowly and persist for days to weeks
Peptide- quickly and temporarily, act on extant enzymes.

Question 6

What is the neurohypophysis what does it do.

Answer 6

Posterior pituitary. Made of axons that descend from the hypothalamus. Nerve cell body in hypothalamus makes hormones and are transported to posterior pit.

Question 7

ADH, aka?

Answer 7

Vasopressin
Made by neuroendocrine cell of posterior pit
Cause kidney to retain water

Question 8

Which hormones are hydrophilic? Where made? Mech of action?

Answer 8

Peptide- synthesized into rough er modified in Golgi. Dissolve into blood, cannot cross membranes and need messenger cascade.

Question 9

Example of a amino acid derived hormone? Mechanism of actions? What amino acid base? What used for?

Answer 9

Tyrosine base for catecholamines( epinephrine) - act like peptide. Secreted by adrenal medulla after sympathetic nervous system activation. Cell surface activation.

Tyrosine also base for thyroid hormones act like steroid hormones. Incorporate iodine into cells, enter cells, bind to Dan and activate transcription of energy metabolism genes.

Question 10

Example of a amino acid derived hormone? Mechanism of actions? What amino acid base? What used for?

Answer 10

Tyrosine base for catecholamines( epinephrine) - act like peptide. Secreted by adrenal medulla after sympathetic nervous system activation. Cell surface activation.

Tyrosine also base for thyroid hormones act like steroid hormones. Incorporate iodine into cells, enter cells, bind to Dan and activate transcription of energy metabolism genes.