Endocrine Flashcards
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Produced:anterior pituitary
Stimulated:TRH from the hypothalamus
Target: thyroid gland
Effect:causes the thyroid gland releases its hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: releasing hormone
Target: adrenal cortex
Effect: stimulates release of hormones produced by adrenal cortex
Human growth hormone
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: releasing hormone
Target: most cells
Effect: promotes growth
Follicle stimulating hormone
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: GnRH
Target: ovaries and testes
Effect: in females stimulates follicle development ovaries, and males stimulates development of sperm cells in testes
Luteinizing hormone
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: GnRH
Target: ovaries and testes
Effect: in females promote ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum. in males stimulates production of testosterone
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: releasing hormone
Target: melanocytes in the skin
Effect: stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin
Prolactin
Produced: anterior pituitary
Stimulated: releasing hormone
Target: mammary glands
Effect: stimulates/maintains milk production
Oxytocin
Produced: produced in hypothalamus stored in posterior pituitary
Stimulated: nerve impulse from hypothalamus
Target: uterus and memory glands
Effect: initiate strong uterine contractions during labour in uterus and triggers milk flow in mammary glands
Antidiuretic hormone
Produced: produced and hypothalamus stored in the posterior pituitary
Stimulated: nerve impulses from hypothalamus
Target: kidneys
Effect: increased water reabsorption by the kidney
Insulin
Produced: beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in pancreas
Stimulated: increase in blood sugar levels
Target: liver and body cells
Effect: stimulates the liver and muscle cells to convert excess glucose into glycogen for storage
Glucagon
Produced: alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans
Stimulated: Low blood glucose levels
Target: liver/muscle cells
Effect: stimulates conversion of glycogen stored in the liver and muscle cells back into glucose
Epinephrine/norepinephrine
Produced: adrenal Mendulla
Stimulated: sympathetic nervous system in stress
Target: liver and muscle cells/most cells
Effect: increase blood glucose for cellular respiration/increase heart rate breathing rate and cell metabolism/dilate blood vessels to increase blood flow
Cortisol
Produced: adrenal cortex
Stimulated: Glucocorticoids triggered by ACTH
Target: kidneys
Effect: converts amino acids to glucose by the liver
Aldosterone
Produced: adrenal cortex
Stimulated: ACTH released by the anterior pituitary
Target: kidneys
Effect: increased sodium and water retention by the kidneys there by maintaining water levels in the body and increases blood pressure
Thyroxin and triiodothyronine
Produced: thyroid gland
Stimulated: TSH
Target: metabolism tissue
Effect: regulates metabolism and regulates growth
