Endocrine

Question 1

DKA tx

Answer 1

ICU admission
IV fluids
IV insulin (suppress ketone formation and reduce BG)
Electrolyte management (K, Phos, Mag, Ca)
Identify and treat precipitating factors

Question 2

Treatment of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Answer 2

if severe, can use panretinal photocoagulation

Question 3

Treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Answer 3

Panretinal photocoagulation
VEGF inhibitors
Intravitreal corticosteroid
Vitrectomy (if vitreous hemm)

Question 4

treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Answer 4

ACE-I or ARB

Question 5

Treatment of diabetic gastroparesis

Answer 5

erythromycin, metaclopramide, rearrange insulin dose (if pt absorbs insulin and doesn’t absorb food at the same time can lead to hypoglycemia)

Question 6

treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Answer 6

Gabapentin, carbamazepine, pregabalin, TCAs (nortriptyline, amitryptyline), duloxetine

Question 7

Most helpful approach to prevent heard disease in pt with T2DM

Answer 7

eat healthy foods, exercise regularly, lose weight if overweight or obese