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Metabolism CC > Endocrine Anatomy > Flashcards

Endocrine Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine system

A

Concerned with maintaining homeostasis

Ductless –> secrete hormones straight into bloodstream

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2
Q

Pituitary gland location

A

Sella turcica

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3
Q

Anterior lobe pituitary- other name

A

Adenohypophysis

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4
Q

Posterior lobe pituitary- other name

A

Neurohypophysis

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5
Q

Anterior lobe pituitary- what hormones are released

A 
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Growth hormone (GH)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
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6
Q

Posterior lobe pituitary- what hormones are released

A

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

Oxytocin

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7
Q

Supraoptic nuclei

A

ADH

–> posterior pituitary

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8
Q

Paraventricular nuclei

A

Oxytocin

–> posterior pituitary

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9
Q

Anterior pituitary vascular connection

A

ICA –> Superior hypophyseal artery –> primary plexus in hypothalamus –> secondary plexus

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10
Q

Anterior pituitary vein drainage

A

Hypophyseal portal vein –> efferent hypophyseal veins –> cavernous sinus

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11
Q

Low levels T3 and T4

A

–> Thyrotropin-releasing hormone –> thyroid stimulating hormone –> T3 and T4

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12
Q

Adrenal cortex

A

Aldosterone
Cortisol
Androgens

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13
Q

Medulla

A

Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
A specialised sympathetic ganglion, with preganglionic sympathetic fibres synapsing and stimulating release of adrenaline

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14
Q

Adrenal gland zones- part of Cortex

A

Zona reticularis
Zona fasciculata
Zona glomerulosa

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15
Q

Zona reticularis

A

Innermost- touching medulla

Androgens (testosterone precursor)

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16
Q

Zona fasciculata

A

Middle

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)

17
Q

Zona glomerulosa

A 
Outermost
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
18
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

Between superomedial aspects of kidneys + crura of diaphragm
In perirenal fat
Pyramid shaped right (contact with liver + IVC)
Crescent shaped left (spleen, stomach, pancreas)

19
Q

RHS adrenal gland shape

A

pyramid

20
Q

LHS adrenal gland shape

A

crescent

21
Q

Adrenal gland blood supply

A

Top - Superior suprarenal arteries, from inferior phrenic
Middle- middle suprarenal artery, from abdominal aorta
Bottom- Inferior suprarenal, from renal artery

22
Q

Adrenal glands veins

A

Large suprarenal vein
Right –> IVC
Left –> left renal vein

23
Q

Neck bones thing

A

Hyoid top
Thyroid middle
Cricoid bottom

24
Q

Neck muscles

A

Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid

25
Q

Thyroid gland

A

C5-T1
Composed of right and left lobe - connected by thin isthmus
Highly vascular

26
Q

Thyroid blood supply

A

Superior thyroid artery

Inferior thyroid artey

27
Q

Parathyroid glands

A

Posterior surface

PTH –> increases blood calcium

28
Q

Pancreas

A

Secretion of powerful digestive enzymes into SI (exocrine)

Releases insulin + glucagon in bloodstream (endocrine)

29
Q

Pancreas blood supply

A

Coeliac trunk

SMA

Metabolism CC (29 decks)

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