Endocrine Conditions (Diabetes)

Question 1

Euglycaemia?

Answer 1

normal blood glucose level is 3-5.4

Question 2

Hyperglycaemia?

Answer 2

high blood glucose level

Question 3

Hypoglycaemia?

Answer 3

low blood glucose level

Question 4

What happens when BGL needs lowering?

Answer 4

insulin is secreted which facilitates the entry of glucose into cells, which then returns to normal

Question 5

What happens when BGL needs raising?

Answer 5

glucagon is secreted which causes a breakdown of glucose in cells which is released and BGL increases to normal

Question 6

3 Points of Diabetes Type 1?

Answer 6

1. diagnosed in childhood
2. B cell destruction by immune system
3. lack of insulin

Question 7

3 Points of Diabetes Type 2?

Answer 7

1. diagnosed in adulthood
2. insulin resistance causing B cell destruction by apoptosis
3. lack of insulin secretion

Question 8

2 Points of Gestational Diabetes?

Answer 8

1. insulin resistance

2. increases the mothers risk of developing diabetes type 2

Question 9

Acute Complications- Hypoglycaemia?

Answer 9

excess in insulin medication so more than whats required

Question 10

Acute Complications- Hyperglycaemia?

Answer 10

diabetic ketoacidosis, insufficient insulin for what is required

Question 11

Chronic Complications- Nephropathy?

Answer 11

damage to renal blood vessels and can lead to kidney disease

Question 12

Chronic Complications- Neuropathy?

Answer 12

damage to peripheral neurons and can lead to a loss of sense

Question 13

Chronic Complications- Retinopathy?

Answer 13

blood vessels are damaged in retina