Endocrine Control/Review

Question 0

what is a temporary endocrine gland?

Answer 0

placenta

Question 1

Hormone is borne where? acts where?

Answer 1

blood borne
comes from endocrine glands
acts on distant targets

Question 2

What is neurocrine?

Answer 2

signal from a neuron down its axon via blood to distant target

Question 3

All Hormones only produced by their respective glands?

Answer 3

Nope, multiple endocrine glands can make same hormones

Question 4

each hormone only has a single target?

Answer 4

Nope, multiple target and function

Question 5

purpose of autocrine and paracrine?

Answer 5

extracellular messages

local communication

Question 6

Lipophilic is also?

Answer 6

Hydrophobic

Question 7

Hydrophilic also equals

Answer 7

lipophobic

Question 8

why is permeability and solubility important?

Answer 8

in terms of location of receptors

Question 9

Neurotransmitters use for transmitting what kind of message?

Answer 9

rapid, localised, specific, smaller distance

Question 10

Neurohormones are secreted by? into?

Answer 10

by neuron

into blood stream

Question 11

3 examples of neurohormones

Answer 11

1. hypothalamus to ant. pit and 2. post. pit

3. catecholamines

Question 12

catecholamines made where? by what?

Answer 12

made by neurons

modified adrenal medulla

Question 13

What is a tropic hormone?

Answer 13

a hormone that controls secretion of another hormone

Question 14

Two big hormone receptor types?

Answer 14

GPCR

Tyrosine Kinase-linked receptors

Question 15

Peptide hormones release is how? solubility?

Answer 15

exocytosis, hydrophilic

Question 16

Peptide hormones half life?

Answer 16

short

Question 17

Peptide hormones receptor location?

Answer 17

cell membrane

Question 18

2 examples of Peptide hormones?

Answer 18

insulin

parathyroid

Question 19

Steroid hormones release and solubility?

Answer 19

simple diffusion

lipophilic

Question 20

Steroid hormones synthesis/storage?

Answer 20

made on demand from cholesterol

Question 21

peptide hormones synthesis and storage?

Answer 21

made in advanced and stored in secretory vesicles

Question 22

Steroid hormones location of receptor

Answer 22

cytoplasm or nucleus

Question 23

eg. of Steroid hormones?

Answer 23

androgens
estrogen
cortisol

Question 24

catecholamines synthesis and storage?

Answer 24

made in advance and stored

Question 25

catecholamines release and solubility?

Answer 25

exocytoic | hydrophilcic

Question 26

catecholamines half life?

Answer 26

short

Question 27

steroid hormones half life?

Answer 27

long

Question 28

catecholamines receptor target?

Answer 28

cel membrane

Question 29

catecholamines receptor response?

Answer 29

2nd messenger syetm

Question 30

eg. of catecholamines? 2?

Answer 30

epinephrine | norepinephrine

Question 31

Thyroid hormones half life?

Answer 31

long

Question 32

Thyroid hormones release and solubility?

Answer 32

simple diffusion | lipophilic

Question 33

peptide hormones in the ER are created as a?

Answer 33

Prohormone

Question 34

The peptide hormone is active or inactive in the storage vesicles?

Answer 34

active

Question 35

what is a precursor molecule to catecholamines and thyroid hormones?

Answer 35

Tyrosine

Question 36

What two kind of hormones generate 2nd messengers?

Answer 36

peptide | catecholamines

Question 37

Thyroid hormones travel how through blood stream?

Answer 37

bound to TBG

Question 38

how are steroid hormones removed?

Answer 38

conjugation > urination

Question 39

Amine hormones are removed how?

Answer 39

specific degrading enzymes

Question 40

how are large peptide hormones removed?

Answer 40

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 41

how are smaller peptide hormones removed?

Answer 41

kidneys

Question 42

Positive feedback loop example?

Answer 42

labour and LH surge

Question 43

2 ways to regulate hormone secretion

Answer 43

1. neuroendocrine reflexes | 2. feedback

Question 44

Pineal gland makes?

Answer 44

Melatonin

Question 45

What is permissive hormone regulation?

Answer 45

first hormone can't affect without presence of second hormone

Question 46

eg. of hormone antagonism?

Answer 46

insulin | glucagon

Question 47

2 ways to down regulate hormone secretion

Answer 47

1. endocytosis | 2. target cell desensitisation

Question 48

primary vs. secondary endocrine disorder?

Answer 48

primary: gland itself secondary: excessive or abnormal stim