Endocrine Disorders Notes part 2

Question 1

TRH->______–>________

Answer 1

TSH–>T3

Question 2

Thyroid Hormone (T3) has physiological effects…it also does negative feedback and its shutting these things off

Question 3

You have pt that has hypothyroidism…which is low in someone who has hypothyroidism? ______

Answer 3

T3

Question 4

Is TSH high or low in someone with hypothyroidism? ____

Answer 4

High

Question 5

Is TRH high or low in hypothyroidism?

Answer 5

High

Question 6

If T3 is low, but TSH and TRH are high, what does that mean it is?

Answer 6

Primary hypothyroidism

Question 7

What does it mean when T3 and TSH are low but TRH is high?

Answer 7

Secondary hypothyroidism

Question 8

If TSH is low that’s secondary…if TSH is low the problem isn’t necessarily the thyroid hormone…the problem is the thyroid stimulating hormone isn’t releasing enough to stimulate the gland

Question 9

What does the patient have if T3, TRH and TSH are all low?

Answer 9

Tertiary hypothyroidism

Question 10

Labs can help tell us where the problem is…if we have really high levels of TSH someone has hypothyroidism?? And we know the problem is the thyroid and the body is trying to compensate hey your thyroid is low why aren’t your stimulating well because the thyroid can’t that’s what it is telling you…thyroid stimulating hormone is low and the thyroid is like hey its not my fault its not telling me to stimulate…the problem is in the pituitary

These levels help us determine what the issues are and maybe they help us treat it and maybe they don’t..no matter what you get thyroid hormone…but is there a bigger issue in the pituitary we need to address

Question 11

You have to understand primary vs secondary vs tertiary

Question 12

_____________ (too much)

Answer 12

Hyperfunction

Question 12

Categories of Endocrine Dysfunction
Hypofunction (not enough)
Hyperfunction (too much)

Question 12

__________ (not enough)

Answer 12

Hypofunction

Question 13

What’s hypofunction of growth hormone going to do…your going to be smaller…maybe you will have smaller muscles maybe bones will be smaller your not going to mature as much…growth hormone helps you grow and if you have too much growth hormone your going to be tall maybe increase muscle development

Question 14

When does growth hormone deficiency occur? As a child….or as an adult if it’s a child your going to find different issues than if its in an adult so congenital defects these can occur due to disruption in blood flow and inflammation,autoimmune, or tumor…the amount of function declines as you age….you need less growth hormone as your older because you can have an atrophy due to drug therapy or other reasons…there can be deficits here and receptors as well

Question 15

Hyperfunction is too much stimulation of the gland so either the gland is too big or its being overstimulated…the major way that occurs is through a tumor

Question 16

Tumor secreting too much growth hormone

Question 17

_____________=major cause of increased function

Answer 17

Primary tumor

Question 18

A functional tumor is one that is still producing the hormone and in fact your overly producing the hormone

Question 19

Nonfunctional tumor is preventing the function of the hormone. Nonfunctional tumor WILL NOT secrete the hormone

Question 20

Functional tumors your going to see increased effects

Question 21

___________ tumors you will see decreased effects

Answer 21

nonfunctional

Question 22

Manifestations of Hypopituritarism
Everything in the pituitary is NOT working not just growth hormone…being chronically unfit…weakness and fatigue…loss of appetite…impairment of sexual function…cold intolerance

Impairment of sexual function–>FSH,LH
Cold intolerance–>Thyroid hormone

Question 23

Growth Hormone is needed for bone growth and produces somatotrophes…decrease fat and increase muscle through digestive metabolic functions??

Question 24

Antiinsulin effects so increases blood glucose and increases energy as well as growth thrawting actions??

Question 25

Muscle growth,bone growth(body organs increasing size and function), as well increase in blood sugars by decreasing fat and increasing blood glucose….this is why athletes take human growth hormone…helps increase muscle as well as help increase energy and strength

Question 26

Know both functions for growth hormone…deficiencies in growth hormone lead to increases in what??

Question 27

Decrease in blood glucose means to decrease growth and decrease muscle mass and decrease organ size

Question 28

Growth Hormone in Children is going to affect their stature

Question 29

Common cause of growth is acromegaly

Question 30

Somatotrope adenoma-functional tumor that’s causing too much growth hormone release