Endocrine Drugs Flashcards by Lizzy McIntosh

Q

Insulin

A

For T1DM, T2DM, GDM, DKA (i.v.), hyperkalemia, stress hyperglycemia

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Q

Metformin

A

Biguanide

For T2DM: decreases gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis and peripheral insulin sensitivity

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Q

Tolbutamide

A

Sulfonylurea (1st gen)

For T2DM: closes β-cell K+ channels to trigger insulin release

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Q

Chlorpropamide

A

Sulfonylurea (1st gen)

For T2DM: closes β-cell K+ channels to trigger insulin release

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Q

Glyburide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)

For T2DM: closes β-cell K+ channels to trigger insulin release

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Q

Glimepiride

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)

For T2DM: closes β-cell K+ channels to trigger insulin release

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Q

Glipizide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)

For T2DM: closes β-cell K+ channels to trigger insulin release

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Q

Pioglitazone

A

TZD (thiazolidinedione)

For T2DM: binds PPAR-γ (nuclear transcription regulator) to increase peripheral insulin sensitivity

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Q

Rosiglitazone

A

TZD (thiazolidinedione)

For T2DM: binds PPAR-γ (nuclear transcription regulator) to increase peripheral insulin sensitivity

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Q

Acarbose

A

α-glucosidase inhibitor

For T2DM: decreases postprandial hyperglycemia

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Q

Miglitol

A

α-glucosidase inhibitor

For T2DM: decreases postprandial hyperglycemia

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Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analog

For T1 and T2DM: decreases glucagon and gastric emptying

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Q

Exenatide

A

GLP-1 analog

For T2DM: decreases glucagon, increases insulin

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Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 analog

For T2DM: decreases glucagon, increases insulin

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Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor (dis-inhibits GLP-1)

For T2DM: decreases glucagon, increases insulin

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Q

Saxagliptin

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A

DPP-4 inhibitor (dis-inhibits GLP-1)

For T2DM: decreases glucagon, increases insulin

Q

Sitagliptin

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A

DPP-4 inhibitor (dis-inhibits GLP-1)

For T2DM: decreases glucagon, increases insulin

Q

Propylthiouracil

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A

Blocks thyroid peroxidase and 5’-deiodinase

For hyperthyroidism, including in pregnancy

Q

Methimazole

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A

Blocks thyroid peroxidase

For hyperthyroidism

Q

Levothyroxine

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A

Thyroid replacement

For hypothyroidism

Q

Triiodothyronine

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A

Thyroid replacement

For hypothyroidism

Q

Octreotide

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A

Somatostatin

For acromegaly, carcinoid, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, esophageal varices

Q

Oxytocin

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A

Stimulates uterine contractions and milk let down, controls uterine hemorrhage

Q

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

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A

ADH / Vasopressin

For central diabetes insipidus

Demeclocycline

ADH antagonist For SIADH

Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Beclomethasone

Glucocorticoids For Addison's, anti-inflammatory, asthma, immune suppression

Triamcinolone

Glucocorticoid (anti-inflammatory only, with no mineralocorticoid activity) For Addison's, anti-inflammatory, asthma, immune suppression

Dexamethasone

Glucocorticoid (anti-inflammatory only, with no mineralocorticoid activity) For emergency adrenal insufficiency, Cushing's suppression test, Addison's, anti-inflammatory, asthma, immune suppression

Fludrocortisone

Mineralocorticoid (basically aldosterone, with very little glucocorticoid activity) For Addison's, anti-inflammatory, asthma, immune suppression