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ANAPHY > Endocrine Glands and Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine Glands and Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue-Most tissues
Effects-Stimulates somatic growth; mobilizes fats; spares glucose

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2
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue-Thyroid Gland
Effects- Stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones.

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3
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue-Adrenal Cortex
Effects-Promotes release of glucocorticoids and androgens.

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4
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A 
Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue- Ovaries in female; Testes in male
Effects- In females. stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production; in males, stimulates sperm production.
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5
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A 
Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue-Ovaries in female; Testes in male
Effects-In females triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone; In males, promotes testosterone production
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6
Q

Prolactin

A

Pituitary Gland (Anterior)
Target Tissue-Breasts
Effects-Promotes lactation

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7
Q

Oxytocin

A 
Pituitary Gland (Posterior)
Target Tissue-Uterus and Breasts
Effects:
Uterus – Stimulates uterine contraction which initiates labor 
Breasts – Initiates milk ejection
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8
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

A

Pituitary Gland (Posterior)
Target Tissue- Kidneys
Effects-Stimulate kidney tubule cells to reabsorb water

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9
Q

Thyroid Hormones (Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine)

A

Thyroid Gland
Target Tissue- Most cells of the body
Effects-Increases metabolic rates, essential to normal process of growth and maturation

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10
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid Gland
Target Tissue- Primarily bone`
Effects-Decreases rate of bone breakdown prevents large increase in blood calcium ion levels following a meal.

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11
Q

Parathyroid Hormone

A

Parathyroid Gland
Target Tissue- Bone and Kidney
Effects-Increases rate of bone breakdown by osteoclasts; increases vitamin D synthesis and essential for maintenance of blood calcium levels

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12
Q

Catecholamines (Epinephrine and Norepinephrine)

A

Adrenal Medulla
Target Tissue-Sympathetic nervous system target organs
Effects-Increase heart rate and metabolic rate ; increase blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction.

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13
Q

Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)

A

Adrenal Cortex
Target Tissue-Kidneys
Effects- Increase blood levels of Sodium ions and decrease blood levels of potassium ions; Water retention in the body

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14
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Adrenal Cortex
Target Tissue- Most cells of the body
Effects - Increase fat rate and protein breakdown; increase glucose synthesis from amino acids ; increase blood nutrient levels ; inhibit inflammation and immune response.

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15
Q

Adrenal androgens

A

Adrenal Cortex
Target Tissue-Most tissues
Effects- Stimulates male sexual characteristics ; increase female sexual drive, growth of pubic and axillary hair

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16
Q

Insulin

A

Pancreas
Target Tissue- Liver
Effects- Increases uptake and use of glucose and amino acids

17
Q

Glucagon

A

Pancreas
Target Tissue - Liver
Effects- Increases breakdown of glycogen and release of glucose into the circulatory system

18
Q

Testosterone

A

Testes
Target Tissue- Most tissues
Effects- Sperm production; maintenance of functional reproductive organs; secondary sexual characteristics; sexual behavior

19
Q

Estrogens and Progesterone

A

Ovaries
Target Tissue- Most tissues
Effects- Aid in uterine and mammary gland development and function, external genitalia structure; secondary sexual characteristics; sexual behavior and menstrual cycle

20
Q

Thymosin

A

Thymus
Target Tissue- Immune tissues
Effects- Promotes immune system development and function

21
Q

Melatonin

A

Pineal Gland
Target Tissue- Hypothalamus
Effects- Inhibits secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone thereby inhibiting reproduction

ANAPHY (6 decks)

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