Endocrine Pharm Drills

Question 1

Name the short acting insulin?

Answer 1

regular insulin

Question 2

Name the long acting insulin(s).

Answer 2

• glargine
• detemir

Question 3

Name the rapid-acting insulin(s).

Answer 3

LAG
- lispro
- aspart
- glulisine

Question 4

What is the side effect of glulisine?

Answer 4

hypoglycemia

Question 5

MOA of chlorpropamide?

Answer 5

1st gen sulfonylurea

Question 6

Name the 1st gen. sulfonylureas (2)

Answer 6

• chlorpropamide
• tolbutamide

Question 7

What are the 2nd gen. sulfonylureas? (3)

Answer 7

• glimepiride
• glipizide
• glyburide

Question 8

What drugs inhibit the reabsorption of glucose in the PCT?

Answer 8

• flozins (SGLT-2 inhibitors)

Question 9

What do we use NPH for?

Answer 9

Intermediate Insulin

Question 10

Side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Answer 10

• dehydration
• weight loss
• glucosuria (UTIs)

Question 11

Which diabetic agent is weight neutral?

Answer 11

DPP-4 inhibitors
- gliptins

Question 12

What are the GLP1 analogs?

Answer 12

• Exenatide
• Liraglutide
• Semeglutide

Question 13

SE of Exenatide

Answer 13

• nausea
• vomitting
• pancreatitis
• weight loss promotion

Question 14

SE of Sitagliptin

Answer 14

• URI’s
• UTI’s
• Orthostatic HYPOtension
  WEIGHT NEUTRAL*

Question 15

MOA of acarbose

Answer 15

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Question 16

Miglitol (MOA/SE)

Answer 16

MOA: alpha glucosidase inhibitor
SE: GI upset, bloating

Question 17

Name the DPP-4 inhibitors. (3)

Answer 17

• gliptins

1. Linagliptin
2. Saxagliptin
3. Sitagliptin

Question 18

SE of Rosiglitazone

Answer 18

• weight gain
• edema
• increased risk of fractures
• HF

*takes 2 weeks for onset of side effects *

Question 19

MOA of Propothiouracil (PTU)

Answer 19

• Thyroid Peroxidase inhibitor (TPO inhibitor)
• 5-deiodinase inhibitor

Question 20

MOA of Methimazole

Answer 20

Thyroid Peroxidase Inhibitor

Question 21

SE of Methimazole

Answer 21

• skin rash
• aplastic anemia
• hepatotoxicity

Question 22

What drug(s) inhibit the peripheral conversion of thyroxine to thyronine?

Answer 22

PTU

Question 23

SE of cinacalcet

Answer 23

Hypocalcemia

Question 24

MOA of Sevelamer

Answer 24

Prevents Phosphate absorption from the GI tract
SE: GI upset, hypophosphatemia

Question 25

What drug activates PPAR-Gamma?

Answer 25

glitazones - pioglitazone - rosiglitazone

Question 26

What drug activates PPAR-alpha?

Answer 26

Fibrates

Question 27

MOA of Repaglinide

Answer 27

Close K+ channels Open Ca2+ channels

Question 28

SE of Metformin

Answer 28

- Vit. B12 deficiency - nausea/vomitting - LACTIC ACIDOSIS DOES NOT CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA

Question 29

Contraindications in prescribing Metformin

Answer 29

- Kidney Failure - increased lactate

Question 30

MOA of Metformin

Answer 30

MGPD-1 inhibitor (mitochondria!) - increases insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin resistance

Question 31

How do you treat DKA/HHS?

Answer 31

- Normal Saline (IV) - Insulin - K+ replacement

Question 32

MOA of Liothyronine

Answer 32

T3 Hormone replacement

Question 33

MOA of levothyroxine

Answer 33

T4 hormone replacement

Question 34

SE of Liothyronine

Answer 34

- tachycardia - heat intolerance - arrhythmia - tremors

Question 35

Treatment for Central Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 35

Desmopressin

Question 36

First line treatment for SIADH

Answer 36

Fluid restriction

Question 37

MOA of Demeclocycline

Answer 37

ADH V2 antagonist - in the kidneys **treats SIADH**

Question 38

What do we use cinacalcet for?

Answer 38

anyone who has hyperparathyroidism

Question 39

MOA of Tolvaptan/Conivaptan

Answer 39

ADH V2 antagonist

Question 40

What 3 diseases can be treated with Vasopressin?

Answer 40

- Diabetes Insipidus - vWF deficiency - Hemophilia A

Question 41

Treatment for asymptomatic prolactinoma with a level of 40?

Answer 41

- Bromocriptine - Cabergoline *dopamine agonists*

Question 42

SE of Demeclocycline

Answer 42

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus - Lithium can also cause this!

Question 43

Treatment Option for Acromegaly

Answer 43

Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

Question 44

Treatment Option for Gigantism

Answer 44

Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

Question 45

What drug(s) do we prescribe for symptom control in patients with carcinoid syndrome?

Answer 45

- octreotide (somatostain analog) - telotristat (tryptophane hydroxylase inhibitor

Question 46

What are the two main side effects of octreotide?

Answer 46

- gallstones - steatorrhea

Question 47

What is the teratogenicity by methimazole?

Answer 47

aplasia cutis congenita

Question 48

How do we treat primary adrenal insufficiency?

Answer 48

- Fludrocortisone (Aldosterone Analog)

Question 49

Side Effects of Fludrocortisone

Answer 49

- HTN - Hypokalemia

Question 50

MOA of Cinacalcet

Answer 50

Sensitizes CaST in the parathyroid gland to circulating Ca2+ -- leads to decreased PTH

Question 51

SE of long term treatment on Prednisone

Answer 51

- osteoporosis - Cushing Syndrome

Question 52

Name the Drugs that cause Drug Induced Lupus

Answer 52

SHIP - Sulfazoline - Hydralazine - Isoniazid - Procainamide