Endocrine System

Question 1

The neuroendocrine control center is composed of the ____________ & pituitary gland

Answer 1

hypothalamus

Question 2

Steroid hormones trigger _____ activation

Answer 2

gene

Question 3

Protein hormones change the activity of ________ in the target cell

Answer 3

enzymes

Question 4

The adrenal cortex monitors blood sugar levels and aids in _____ and protein metabolism

Answer 4

lipid

Question 5

What controls cardiac function, the size of blood vessels and can raise blood sugar?

Answer 5

adrenal medulla

Question 6

What gland helps regulate metabolism and aids in growth and development?

Answer 6

thyroid gland

Question 7

What regulates calcium levels in blood?

Answer 7

parathyroid

Question 8

The pancreas islets raise and lower blood sugar and are active in _____ metabolism

Answer 8

carb

Question 9

What gland plays a role in immune responses?

Answer 9

thymus gland

Question 10

What gland has an influence on daily biorhythms?

Answer 10

pineal gland

Question 11

The pituitary gland plays an important role in what?

Answer 11

growth and development

Question 12

Gonadotropin RH (GhRH) releases what from anterior pituitary?

Answer 12

LH & FSH

Question 13

TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer 13

stimulates thyroid to release thyroid hormones

Question 14

Thyroid gland releases T3 and T4 which stimulate?

Answer 14

cellular metabolism

Question 15

The thyroid gland secretes ________ to bone and kidneys to LOWER calcium

Answer 15

calcitonin

Question 16

The parathyroid gland secretes PTH to the bone and kidneys to ______ calcium levels

Answer 16

raise

Question 17

What gland releases thymosin to lymphatic tissues to release T-cells

Answer 17

thymus

Question 18

The pancreas releases _______, which targets the liver, muscle & adipose tissue to lower blood sugar

Answer 18

insulin

Question 19

________, released from the pancreas, targets the liver to increase blood sugar

Answer 19

glucagon

Question 20

GHIH from the pancreas _______ secretion of insulin & glucagon

Answer 20

inhibits

Question 21

E/NE is released from the ______ ________ for a “fight or flight” response

Answer 21

adrenal medulla

Question 22

What gland secretes melatonin to the brain to control sleep/wake cycle

Answer 22

pineal

Question 23

ACTH targets the ______ ______ to release glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids

Answer 23

adrenal cortex

Question 24

What two things are secreted from the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 24

oxytocin

ADH

Question 25

Oxytocin targets the uterus to induce contractions an the mammary glands for ____ secretion

Answer 25

milk

Question 26

ADH (antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin) targets the kidneys and blood vessels to??

Answer 26

increase water retention

Question 27

What is secreted from the adrenal medulla?

Answer 27

epinephrine | norepinephrine

Question 28

Prolactin is secreted from the __________ pituitary gland and stimulates production of milk

Answer 28

anterior

Question 29

What targets the kidneys to retain sodium and excrete potassium?

Answer 29

mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

Question 30

Glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex target tissues in response to long term stressors and can _____ blood sugar levels

Answer 30

raise

Question 31

Androgens are secreted from the adrenal cortex and stimulate secondary ____ characteristics

Answer 31

sex

Question 32

The thymus gland plays a role in __________ responses

Answer 32

Immune

Question 33

The GI tract releases _________ which targets the stomach to release HCl

Answer 33

Gastric

Question 34

What 2 things are secreted from the GI tract to target the pancreas and liver to release digestive enzymes & bile?

Answer 34

Secretin | CCK (cholecystokinin)

Question 35

What is stimulated from the kidneys to target bone marrow for production of red blood cells?

Answer 35

Erythropoietin

Question 36

_________ from the kidneys targets the intestines to increase reabsorption of calcium

Answer 36

Calcitriol

Question 37

ANP from the heart targets the kidneys and adrenal cortex to reduce absorption of __________ & lower blood pressure

Answer 37

Sodium

Question 38

What is released from adipose tissue to target the brain and suppress appetite?

Answer 38

Lepton

Question 39

Inhibin from the ovaries inhibits??

Answer 39

FSH

Question 40

Human chorionic gonadotropin from the ________ targets ovaries to produce estrogen & progesterone

Answer 40

Placenta

Question 41

The testes release?

Answer 41

Testosterone | Inhibin

Question 42

Testosterone promotes?

Answer 42

Spermatogenesis