Endocrine system

Question 1

Which organs are part of the endocrine system?

Answer 1

Hypothalamus, pineal body, pituitary/hypofysis, thyroid, parathyroid, heart, thymus, adrenal gland, kidney, pancreas, ovaries, testis

Question 2

What are hormones?

Answer 2

Chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands

Question 3

How do hormones only work on a designated spot/ exp; LH in the ovaries?

Answer 3

The hormones only bind to specific receptors

Question 4

What is homeostasis?

Answer 4

Dynamic Stable State that the body tries to maintain

The capacity to regulate the internal environment of a mammal so as to maintain a stable, constant condition

Question 5

What are the 4 types of hormones

Answer 5

Peptides
Single amino acids
Steroid hormones
Prostaglandines

Question 6

Which type of hormones are produced by the pituitary, thyroid gland, pancreas ad adrenal medulla

Answer 6

Peptides: amino acid chains

Single amino acids

Question 7

Which type of hormones are produced by gonads and adrenal cortex

Answer 7

steroid hormones - resemble cholesterol

prostaglandines - synthesized from fatty acids

Question 8

What is the function of the hypothalamus

Answer 8

Control centre of the autonomic nervous system

Question 9

What is the function f the pituitary

Answer 9

It’s the ‘master’ endocrine system

Question 10

What is the function of the anterior lobe and how is it linked to the hypothalamus

Answer 10

Produces hormones

Bloodvessels link it to the hypothalamus

Question 11

What is the function of the posterior lobe and how is it linked to the hypothalamus

Answer 11

Stores hormones

Nerves link to thr hypothalamus

Question 12

Which hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 12

FSH, LH, TSH, STH/GH, ACTH, Prolactin

Question 13

Which hormones are produced in the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 13

ADH, Oxytocin

Question 14

What is the target organ of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), what hormone does that organ produce and what effect does it have

Answer 14

Ovary or testicle
Estrogen
Follicle growth or sperm production

Question 15

What is the target organ of LH (luteinising hormone), what hormone does that organ produce and what effect does it have

Answer 15

Ovary or testicle
Progesterone or testosterone
Ovulation/luteinisation or male development and behaviour

Question 16

What is the target organ of TSH(thyroid stimulating hormone), what hormone does that organ produce and what effect does it have

Answer 16

Thyroid gland
Thyroid hormone
High metabolism

Question 17

What is the target organ of STH(somatotropin) or GH(growth hormone) and what effect does it have

Answer 17

Bone, muscle, kidney, liver, fat

Body growth and high metabolism

Question 18

What is the target organ of ACTH (adrenocorticotropin), what hormone does that organ produce and what effect does it have

Answer 18

Adrenal gland
Cortisol
Long term stress response

Question 19

What is the target organ of Prolactin, and what effect does it have

Answer 19

Udder (mammary gland)

Milk production

Question 20

What is the target organ of ADH, and what effect does it have

Answer 20

Kidney

Retaining water

Question 21

What is the target organ of Oxytocin, and what effect does it have

Answer 21

Uterus, udder

Smooth muscle contraction: birth and placenta excretion and milk ejection

Question 22

Which hormones are produced in the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 22

Vasopressi/ADH, Oxytocin

Question 23

What hormone does the Pineal gland produce

Answer 23

Melatonin

Question 24

What aspect of the pineal gland influences melatonin production

Answer 24

It’s photoreceptive

Question 25

How is melatonin influenced by light.

Answer 25

High light intensity: gives low melatonin High activity/energy High or low fertility in seasonal breeders

Question 26

What hormone does the parathyroid gland produce and what is it's function

Answer 26

Parathyroid hormone | Calcium decrease

Question 27

Where is the thyroid gland located

Answer 27

Beside the trachea

Question 28

Where is the adrenal gland located

Answer 28

In front of the kidney

Question 29

What two parts doe the adrenal gland have

Answer 29

Adrenal cortex | Adrenal medulla

Question 30

What hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex

Answer 30

Aldosterone cortisol Androgens

Question 31

What hormones are produced in the adrenal medulla

Answer 31

Adrenalin | Noradrenalin

Question 32

Cortisol is a stress hormone, but what else does it do

Answer 32

Carbohydrate balance - Maintains high level of glucose - Maintains glycogen storage - Uses protein for this

Question 33

What kind of feedback mechanism does cortisol entain.

Answer 33

Negative feedback

Question 34

Where is the pancreas located

Answer 34

First bend of the duodenum

Question 35

The pancreas produces both hormones and digestive enzymes. | Which hormones and enzymes does it produce?

Answer 35

Hormones: Insulin and Glucagon Enzymes: Lipase, Protease, Amylase

Question 36

Homeotasis makes sure the body temperature remains stable. It has short and long term solutions for it. What are long term solutions

Answer 36

Metabolism Coat Fat

Question 37

What is the comfort zone

Answer 37

The balance between heat- | production and loss to maintain normal body temperature

Question 38

What is the thermoneutral zone

Answer 38

The zone between the lowest critical temperature and the upper critical temperature