Cell biology

Question 1

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 1

Platform upon which other organelles can operate

Question 2

What is the cell membrane

Answer 2

Membrane enclosing the cell

Question 3

What are the 2 functions of the cell membrane

Answer 3

Provide cell structure

Barrier between intracellular and extracellular fluid

Question 4

What are the 3 functions of the nucleus.

Answer 4

Storing and copying DNA
Transferring information to ribosomes
Decide which proteins will be made

Question 5

What is the function of the Nucleolus

Answer 5

Production of ribosomes

Question 6

What are the ribosomes

Answer 6

Complex op RNA and proteins

Question 7

What is the function of ribosomes

Answer 7

Formation of proteins by reading RNA

Question 8

What is the function of the Golgi-complex

Answer 8

Factory in which proteins received from ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual destinations

Question 9

What are the 4 functions of the Endoplasmatic reticulum

Answer 9

Membrane synthesis
Protein synthesis and processing
Lipid synthesis
Calcium storage and release

Question 10

What is the function of lysosomes

Answer 10

Hydrolyzing macromolecules

Question 11

What is the function of the mitochondria

Answer 11

Powerhouse of the cell

Generate ATP

Question 12

What are the 5 major functions of the cell

Answer 12

Provide structure and support
Facilitate growth
Produce energy
Create metabolic reactions
Reproduction

Question 13

What are the key characteristics of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 13

No cell nucleus (DNA free in the cell)
Only unicellar

exp: Bacteria

Question 14

What are the key characteristics of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 14

Membrane bound organelles
Can specialize
Usually multi-cellar

exp: Plants, Animals

Question 15

What are the 4 types of tissue

Answer 15

Epithelial
Nervous
Muscle
Connective

Question 16

What is the function of epithelial tissue

Answer 16

Covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands.

Question 17

What is the function of nervous tissue

Answer 17

Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.

Question 18

What is the function of muscle tissue

Answer 18

Composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of body parts.

Question 19

What is the function of connective tissue

Answer 19

Form a framework and support for organs and the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and help repair tissue damage

Question 20

What is the level of organisation in a organism

Answer 20

cell-tissue-organ-organsystem-organism

Question 21

What is homeostasis

Answer 21

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism or environment to maintain stability in spite of changes
The capacity to regulate the internal environment of a mammal so as to maintain a stable, constant condition

Question 22

What are the 3 ways of cellular communication

Answer 22

Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Cytokines ( defense system)

Question 23

What are the functions of protein?

Answer 23

Building molecules
Provide structure
Making enzymes
Copy DNA & RNA
Sending and receiving messages

Question 24

When is a compound organic

Answer 24

When it contains carbon (C)

Question 25

What are the basic life processes

Answer 25

``` Take in material Release energy from food Release wastes Grow Respond to the environment Reproduce ```

Question 26

What are the Nervous system and Endocrine system connected?

Answer 26

The Hypothalamus Pituitary Axis (HPA)

Question 27

What are the characteristics of the nervous system

Answer 27

Fast working Works through an electrical impulse Lasts briefly

Question 28

What are the characteristics of the endocrine system

Answer 28

Slow working It works based on hormones Long lasting

Question 29

Cortisol in an example of a negative feedback loop wat does that mean?

Answer 29

The release of cortisol gives a negative feedback to the adrenal cortex, stopping the release of cortisol