Endocrine system

Question 1

Endocrine system function

Answer 1

Secretes hormones into the circulatory system

Question 2

Endocrine hormone characteristics

Answer 2

• produces in small quantities
• secretes in intercellular space
• transported some distance in circulatory system
• acts on target tissues elsewhere in the body.

Question 3

is pancreas exo and endocrine?

Answer 3

both

Question 4

similarities of endocrine and nervous system

Answer 4

control and regulate the body

Question 5

Differences in endocrine and nervous system

Answer 5

nervous (instantaneous electrical signal) and endocrine signal through vascular system

Question 6

Nervous system characteristics

Answer 6

action potentials (electric), does not last long, frequency dependent

Question 7

Endocrine system characteristics

Answer 7

Hormones (chemica), lasts min, days, lifetime), signal concentration dependents.

Question 8

Types of chemical messengers in endocrine

Answer 8

autocrine, paracrine, neurotransmitter, and endocrine chemical messenger

Question 9

Define autocrine chemical messenger

Answer 9

affects itself, signals itself (e.g., prostaglandin)

Question 10

Define paracrine chemical messenger

Answer 10

signals cells locally, not transported in blood, (somatostatin)

Question 11

Define neurotransmitter chemical messenger

Answer 11

electrical signals (action potentiors), another muscle or cell very localized. (e.g., acetylcholine)

Question 12

Define endocrine chemical messenger

Answer 12

chemical signal entering the blood for transportation (estrogen). (E.g. estrogen)

Question 13

Define the hormone stability; half-life and long half-life

Answer 13

half-life amount of time that hormone degrades and long half-life reamains at constant rate though time.

Question 14

Example of half-life hormones

Answer 14

water soluble hormones, proteins epinephrine, Norepinephrine, rapid onset-short duration

Question 15

Example of long half-life

Answer 15

lipid soluble attaches to plasma proteins (testorene)

Question 16

define water soluble protein

Answer 16

amino acid/protein based. proteins, peptides, and ammino acid, derivates. e.g. thyroxine, epinephrine, tryptophan, melatonin. Transporter as free hormones, short half-life.

Question 17

define lipid-soluble

Answer 17

cholesterol base or amino acid based. steroids and amino acids and fatty acids derivatives. Hydroxyl group (OH) in tail. cholesterol. progesterone, aldosterone, testosterone. cortisol and estradiol. Transports with binding proteins, long half-life

Question 18

define chronic hormone secretion

Answer 18

constant secretion. e.g. thyroid. constant regulated. lipid hormones

Question 19

define acute hormone secretion

Answer 19

in an instance due to reaction, e.g. epinephrine. water hormones.

Question 20

define episodic hormone secretion

Answer 20

produced everyday at a certain time. e.g. female reproductine hormones. lipid hormones

Question 21

Endocrine is regulated by 3 controls

Answer 21

Humoral control (substance other than endocrine gland), 
Neural Control (by nervous system)
Hormonal Control (secretion activity of a hormone controlled by endocrine gland)