endocrine system Flashcards
(21 cards)
3 types of hormone secretion
acute –> due to immediate stimulus e.g. adrenaline for fight or flight
chronic –> small variation over long periods eg thyroid hormones
episodic –> e.g. menstrual
endocrine and nervous similarities
both associated with brain
same chemical for neurotransmitter and hormone
cooperative systems
endocrine and nervous differences
mode of transport axon vs blood, speed of response instant vs delayed, duration of response milliseconds vs minutes
growth hormone
promotes bone cartilage growth through uptake of amino acids and protein synthesis
TSH
T3 and T4 secretion
ACTH adreocorticotropic
stimulates adrenal cordex to secrete cortisol and aldosterone
Melanoctye stimulating hormone
melanocytes produce more melanin
LH FSH
regulate reproductive hormones and games in both sexes
Prolactin
milk production
ADH
increase reabsorption from nephrons
oxytosin
uterine contraction during birth, let down reflex
melatonin
synthesised by pinealocytes from oxytosin, regulates sleep patterns based on retinal light detection
T3 T4
increase metabolic rate in all tissues
thyroid follicles produce thyroglobulin which is made to synthesise T3 T4
calcitonin
produced by parafollicular cells, acts on bone and kidney to reduce blood calcium level s
PTH
increases blood calcium acting on bones and kidneys
cortisol
released by adrenal cortex, stress
aldosterone
released by adrenal cortex, decrease Na increase K excreted in urine
adrenaline and norepinepherine
sympathetic response fight or flight adrenal medulla
glucagon insulin somatostatin
alpha cell increase blood glucose
beta cell decrease blood glucose
delta cell inhibit insulin and glucagon secretion
testosterone
spermatogenesis
estrogen progesterone
maintain endometrium
