Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine glands secrete their hormones into the

Answer 1

Bloodstream

Question 2

Steroid hormones are made from what
And
Protein hormones are made from what

Answer 2

Fat

Amino acids

Question 3

Cows eating wet moldy clovers can cause

Answer 3

Early lactation while pregnant

Question 4

The master gland (controls other glands in body by secreting hormones that turn them on or off)

Answer 4

The pituitary gland

Question 5

The pituitary gland is connected to the ventral portion of the brain called the

Answer 5

Hypothalamus

Question 6

Describe positive feedback of the hypothalamus

Answer 6

Particular hormone is low, hypothalamus senses, tells pituitary to send out releasing factors to turn on gland that makes the low hormone

Question 7

2 parts of pituitary gland and how many hormones they control

Answer 7

Anterior lobe (adenohypophysis):7
Posterior love (neurohypophyis):2

Question 8

GH causes growth by

Answer 8

Causing protein synthesis and preventing protein breakdown

Question 9

GH causes an increase in cattle milk production. Synthetic is called

Answer 9

bST bovine somatropin

Question 10

Dwarfism is called

Answer 10

Condrodisplasia

Question 11

Gigantism is called

Answer 11

Acromegaly

Question 12

When excess GH are produced after puberty and large features occur

Answer 12

Marfans syndrome

Question 13

Giving bST to a lactating cow every 2 weeks increases milk production ____%

Answer 13

10-15%

Question 14

What adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) does

Answer 14

Stimulates cortex of adrenal glands to make corisol/cortisone which is needed in stressful situations

Question 15

Prolactin stimulates

Answer 15

Milk production in females

Question 16

What follicle stimulating hormone does (FSH) in males and females

Answer 16

Males: stimulates sperm production
Female: causes follicles w eggs on the ovaries to grow near estrus cycle and make estrogen

Question 17

What luteinizing hormone (LH) does

Answer 17

Causes follicles to rupture (ovulation)

Stimulates testosterone production in testes of males

Question 18

If not enough LH is released some follicles don’t ovulate and turn into

Answer 18

Cysts

Question 19

The sunken cavity where a follicle was forms a structure called the

Answer 19

Corpus luteum (CL)

Question 20

The corpus luteum makes

Answer 20

Progesterone

Question 21

Progesterone feeds back to the hypothalamus to stop production of

Answer 21

LH

Question 22

Hormone that causes color change in reptiles

Answer 22

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

Question 23

2 hormones produced by posterior lobe of pituitary gland

Answer 23

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin) and oxytocin (pitocin)

Question 24

What anti-diuretic hormone does

Answer 24

Makes collection ducts in kidney absorb more water from the urine

Question 25

What oxytocin does

Answer 25

Stimulates smooth muscles to contact

Question 26

Where adrenal glands are located

Answer 26

Near hilus of kidneys

Question 27

Cortex hormones are _____ hormones

Answer 27

Steroid

Question 28

Cortex steroid hormones are released in response to

Answer 28

ACTH

Question 29

Synthetic glucocorticoids

Answer 29

Prednisone, cortisone, dexamethasone

Question 30

Glucocorticoids increase _______ levels

Answer 30

Blood sugar

Question 31

Glucocorticoids decease

Answer 31

Inflammation

Question 32

Example of a mineralocorticoid

Answer 32

Aldosterone

Question 33

What mineralocorticoids do

Answer 33

Cause sodium retention in PCT and water follows

Question 34

Male hormones like testosterone are what kind of glucocorticoid

Answer 34

Androgen

Question 35

Why females need a little testosterone

Answer 35

Sex drive

Question 36

Why older women may grow facial hair

Answer 36

Ovaries stop making estrogen but adrenals still make testosterone

Question 37

Hyper and hypo andrenocorticism

Answer 37

Hyper=cushings disease | Hypo= Addison’s disease

Question 38

Signs of cushings

Answer 38

Pot belly, increased thirst and appetite, weight gain

Question 39

Signs of Addison’s disease

Answer 39

Low blood sugar, weak, shake, easily stressed