Endocrine System

Question 1

Human body works best at…

Answer 1

37 C, 0.1 blood glucose and a pH of 7.35

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

Your bodies attempt to adjust to environment-balance

Question 3

Endocrinology

Answer 3

Study of hormones

Question 4

Nervous system

Answer 4

Enables body to adjust quickly to changes in environment - fast

Question 5

Why do hormones not affect everywhere

Answer 5

It goes everywhere, but cells may have receptors for one hormone but not another

Question 6

What system carries hormones throughout the body

Answer 6

Circulatory system (through the blood)

Question 7

Hypothalamus is located…

Answer 7

Above pituitary

Question 8

Thyroid is located…

Answer 8

Base of the neck (looks like a butterfly)

Question 9

Pituitary is located…

Answer 9

Middle of skull

Question 10

Parathyroid is located…

Answer 10

On thyroid

Question 11

Adrenal is located…

Answer 11

On top of each kidney

Question 12

Pancreas is located…

Answer 12

Under the stomach

Question 13

Ovaries are located…

Answer 13

Lower abdomen

Question 14

Testes are located…

Answer 14

In scrotum

Question 15

What gland is often called the master gland and why

Answer 15

Pituitary - it exercises control over the other endocrine glands

Question 16

HGH (anterior pituitary)

Answer 16

Human growth hormone

Question 17

TSH (anterior pituitary)

Answer 17

Thyroid stimulating hormone (metabolism )

Question 18

ACTH (anterior pituitary)

Answer 18

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone- talks to adrenaline

Question 19

FSH (anterior pituitary)

Answer 19

Follicle stimulating hormone
Men-sperm production
Women-egg maturing

Question 20

LH (anterior pituitary)

Answer 20

lutenizing hormone
Men- testosterone
Women-ovulation (release an egg)

Question 21

prolactin (anterior pituitary)

Answer 21

Produce milk

Question 22

ADH (posterior pituitary)

Answer 22

Antidiuretic hormone- retain H2O

Question 23

Oxytocin (posterior pituitary)

Answer 23

• Release milk

- uterine contractions

Question 24

3 ways to induce labor

Answer 24

• natural
• the drip
• break water

Question 25

Ovaries and testes can both be referred to as

Answer 25

Gonads

Question 26

HGH promotes...

Answer 26

The elongation of the skeleton

Question 27

Ovaries and testes can both be referred to as

Answer 27

Gonads

Question 28

HGH promotes...

Answer 28

The elongation of the skeleton

Question 29

Hypersecretion

Answer 29

When too much HGH is released

Question 30

Hyposecretion

Answer 30

When too little HGH is released

Question 31

2 diseases of hypersecretion

Answer 31

Gigantism and acromegaly

Question 32

2 diseases of hyposecretion

Answer 32

Frolichs and primordial

Question 33

What is gigantism

Answer 33

Lots of HGH and still getting taller

Question 34

Acromegaly

Answer 34

Lots of HGH, growth plates are fused, they don’t get taller but they usually have big hands and brows and thick bones

Question 35

Frolichs dwarfism

Answer 35

Misproportioned

Question 36

Primordial

Answer 36

Smallest in the world

Question 37

Exocrine glands

Answer 37

Secrete things outside of the blood. | Ex) sweat

Question 38

Goiter

Answer 38

Results from overstimulated thyroid due to low iodine

Question 39

Calcitonin

Answer 39

Let’s calcium into the cells

Question 40

Thyroxin

Answer 40

Hormone that increases metabolic rate

Question 41

How is thyroxin released

Answer 41

TSH from the pituitary stimulates the thyroid to release thyroxin into the blood

Question 42

Negative feedback(feedback loop)

Answer 42

Stops or slows it down

Question 42

Positive feedback(feedback loop)

Answer 42

Speeds it up/ amplifies

Question 43

PTH

Answer 43

hormone released from parathyroid, inhibits the release of calcitonin from thyroid (increasing blood calcium)

Question 44

What gland is both exocrine and endocrine?

Answer 44

Pancreas

Question 45

2 hormones released from pancreas that have to do with sugars

Answer 45

Insulin and glucagon

Question 46

What does insulin do

Answer 46

Let’s sugar in cells- reduces blood sugar and converts glucose into glycogen

Question 47

What does Glucagon do

Answer 47

Let’s sugar out of cells- Increases blood sugar and converts glycogen to glucose

Question 48

What is Glycogen

Answer 48

Stored sugar

Question 49

Sugar diabetes

Answer 49

The inability to produce insulin

Question 50

Hyperglycemia

Answer 50

High blood sugar

Question 51

Hypoglycemia

Answer 51

Low blood sugar

Question 52

3 types of Diabetes Mellitus (pancreas problems )

Answer 52

Type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes

Question 53

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 53

Take insulin to live

Question 54

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 54

Can be controlled by diet, exercise and some drugs

Question 55

Gestational diabetes

Answer 55

Temporary diabetes

Question 56

Diabetes Insipidus (pituitary problem)

Answer 56

Low ADH- don’t retain water

Question 57

What two smaller glands are the adrenal glands made up of

Answer 57

Adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex

Question 58

Adrenal medulla

Answer 58

Produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 59

Epinephrine

Answer 59

Adrenaline

Question 60

Norepinephrine

Answer 60

Noradrenaline (speeds up nervous system )

Question 61

Effects of adrenaline

Answer 61

- dilates pupils - dilates blood vessels - increases heart rate - increases breathing rate - improves muscle efficiency

Question 62

2 hormones produced by adrenal cortex

Answer 62

Glucocorticoids - cortisol | mineralcorticosteroids-aldosterone

Question 63

Cortisol

Answer 63

Increases amino acids in blood allowing for cell recovery and tissue repair- heal quicker

Question 64

Aldosterone

Answer 64

Increases sodium retention in kidney tubules causing water to stay in body