Neuron

Question 1

Dentrites

Answer 1

Receive information and sends impulse to cell body of the neuron

Question 2

Cell body

Answer 2

Contains nucleus

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

Carries nerve impulses away from cell body

Question 4

Myelin sheath

Answer 4

Insulated covering over axon

Question 5

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 5

Gaps between myelin sheath along axon

Question 6

Neurilemna

Answer 6

Delicate membrane that surrounds the axon and promotes nerve regeneration

Question 7

Synapses/synaptic gap

Answer 7

Small space between neurons

Question 8

Axon end/end plate

Answer 8

The end opposite of the dendrites where neurotransmitters are released

Question 9

Acetylcholine

Answer 9

Build bridge from axon end

Question 10

Cholinesterase

Answer 10

Breaks bridge from dendrites side

Question 11

Five essential parts to a reflex arch

Answer 11

1. Receptor
2. Sensory neuron
3. interneuron
4. Motor neuron
5. Effector

Question 12

Receptor

Answer 12

Part of body receives the stimulus

Question 13

Sensory neuron

Answer 13

Carries messages from body to brain

Question 14

Interneuron

Answer 14

Within the spinal cord relays between sensory and motor neurons

Question 15

Motor neuron

Answer 15

Carries messages from the CNS to the body

Question 16

Effector

Answer 16

Carries out the action required

are usually muscles

Question 17

What is a nerve made up of

Answer 17

Bundle of Neurons

Question 18

What two chemical have to do with neurons

Answer 18

Potassium and sodium

Question 19

Neurons system is…

Answer 19

Self propagating

Question 20

Resting potential

Answer 20

Steady charge difference across the cell membrane of Neurons

Question 21

Action potential

Answer 21

Occurs when membrane is stimulated

Question 22

Polarized

Answer 22

Refers to the concept that there is an unequal division of charged ions

Question 23

Depolarization

Answer 23

Na goes into neuron

Question 24

Repolarization

Answer 24

K goes out of the neuron

Question 25

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 25

Puts chemicals back to normal | 3Na/2K

Question 26

Refractory period

Answer 26

Recovery time (after repolarization) required before a neuron can produce another action potential

Question 27

Threshold level

Answer 27

Minimum level of stimulus required for producing response

Question 28

Acetylcholine is a...

Answer 28

Neurotransmitter

Question 29

5 steps of crossing synapse

Answer 29

1. Acetylcholine released from presynaptic neuron 2. acetylcholine crosses synapse 3. open Na doors (bind to receptor sites) 4. Floating Na enters neuron 5. cholinesterase breaks bond between site and acetylcholine-> acetylcholine returns to axon end

Question 30

2 categories of the nervous system

Answer 30

CNS and PNS

Question 31

2 categories of CNS

Answer 31

Brain and spinal cord

Question 32

2 categories of PNS

Answer 32

somatic and autonomic

Question 33

Somatic

Answer 33

voluntary skeletal muscles

Question 34

2 categories of Autonomic (involuntary)

Answer 34

Sympathetic (speeds up / fight or flight) Parasympathetic (slow down)

Question 35

Meninges

Answer 35

protective coverings around the brain and spinal cord that act as shock absorbers

Question 36

Medulla oblongata controls

Answer 36

Breathing/ heart rate

Question 37

Cerebellum controls

Answer 37

Coordination/ balance

Question 38

Cerebrum controls

Answer 38

- memory - voluntary control - speech

Question 39

Hypothalamus controls

Answer 39

Temp Sleep Hunger

Question 40

Pituitary controls

Answer 40

Many other glands of body

Question 41

Ol factory nerve

Answer 41

smell

Question 42

Optic nerve

Answer 42

Sight

Question 43

Steps of impulse

Answer 43

1.resting neuron is polarized 2 dendrite is stimulated (Na gates open) 3. Na goes into neuron (depolarization) 4. k goes out of neuron (repolarization) 5. Sodium potassium pump

Question 44

4 parts of the cerebrum

Answer 44

Frontal lobe Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe

Question 45

Frontal lobe does

Answer 45

Voluntary muscles, speech, emotion

Question 46

Temporal lobe does

Answer 46

Hearing and smelling

Question 47

Parietal lobe does

Answer 47

Touch, taste, and some memory

Question 48

Occipital lobe does

Answer 48

Vision

Question 49

Natural pain killers/endorphins

Answer 49

Manufactured by brain to mask the amount of pain that a certain pain receptor is detecting

Question 50

Opiates(heroin, codeine, morphine)

Answer 50

Prevent the production of pain transmitters as well

Question 51

White matter

Answer 51

Has myelin sheath and goes up and down spinal cord

Question 52

Grey matter

Answer 52

has interneurons and no myelin sheath