Endocrine System Pt 2

Question 0

Chemical messengers

Answer 0

Hormones

Question 1

Affects the bodily activities by releasing chemical messengers called hormones into the bloodstream.

Answer 1

The endocrine system

Question 2

Hormones are chemically diverse, they are grouped into what three principal classes?

Answer 2

Amines
Proteins&peptides
Steroids

Question 3

Derived from one or two amino acids.

Exp. epinephrine , norepinephrine , thyroid hormone

Answer 3

Amines

Question 4

Consists of three or more amino acids.

Exp. all pituitary hormones and insulin

Answer 4

Proteins and peptides

Question 5

Derived from cholesterol.

Exp. estrogen and testosterone

Answer 5

Steroids

Question 6

Secrete their products through ducts. They include sudoriferous, sebaceous, ceruminous, mucus, mammary, and some digestive glands

Answer 6

Exocrine glands

Question 7

Are ductless glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid.
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid , adrenal, pineal, thymus

Answer 7

Endocrine glands

Question 8

Known as the “Master Gland” bc it releases several hormones, some of which control the release of other hormones.

Answer 8

Pituitary gland

Question 9

What are the 7 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 9

FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, HGH, MSH, PROLACTIN

Question 10

Stimulates the ovum and sperm production

Answer 10

Follicle stimulating hormone

Question 11

Stimulates ovulation and production of testosterone

Answer 11

Luteinizing hormone

Question 12

Regulates secretion by the adrenal gland

Answer 12

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 13

Regulates the secretion by the thyroid gland

Answer 13

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 14

Stimulates protein synthesis and bone growth

Answer 14

Human growth hormone

Question 15

Stimulates milk production

Answer 15

Prolactin

Question 16

Stimulates melanin production

Answer 16

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 17

Decreases urine production

posterior lobe of pituitary

Answer 17

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 18

Stimulates labor ( posterior lobe of pituitary gland)

Answer 18

Oxytocin

Question 19

Located in the neck, this gland secretes t3 and t4, hormones that regulates metabolism. It also secrets calcitonin, a hormone that increases calcium deposition in bone

Answer 19

Thyroid gland

Question 20

Located on either side of the thyroid glands, these glands secrete parathyroid hormone which increases levels of calcium in the blood.

Answer 20

Parathyroid glands

Question 21

Located in the chest, this gland is very active in youth, but shrinks in adults. It’s hormones are active in T cell maturation and sexual maturation.

Answer 21

Thymus gland

Question 22

Two glands, each one located on top of a kidney, they are divided into two regions- the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla

Answer 22

Adrenal glands

Question 23

Produced in the adrenal cortex- it stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water

Answer 23

Aldosterone

Question 24

Produced in the adrenal cortex- stimulates breakdown of glucose, fat and protein; weakens the immune system and increases BP

Answer 24

Cortisol

Question 25

Produced in the adrenal cortex- secondary site of production or testosterone and estrogen

Answer 25

Androgens

Question 26

Produced in the adrenal medulla- stimulates the sympathetic nervous system producing the fight of flight response

Answer 26

Epinephrine or adrenaline

Question 27

Produced in the adrenal medulla- along with epinephrine it stimulates the fight or flight response and plays a role in ATTENTION AND FOCUS. And also serve as a neurotransmitter.

Answer 27

Norepinephrine

Question 28

Secretes melatonin which causes drowsiness

Answer 28

Pineal gland

Question 29

Located in the upper abdomen near the stomach, and is both an exocrine and endocrine gland, which secretes digestive enzymes trough ducts that enter the small intestines and also secretes two hormones

Answer 29

Pancreas

Question 30

Secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, it allows glucose to enter the cell

Answer 30

Insulin

Question 31

Secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas, it increases blood glucose by causing the liver and the skeletal muscle to break down glycogen

Answer 31

Glucogen

Question 32

The female and male reproductive organs

Answer 32

Ovaries and testes

Question 33

Secrete estrogen, progesterone , and relaxin

Answer 33

Ovaries

Question 34

Secrete testosterone

Answer 34

Testes

Question 35

Secretes gastrin which stimulates production and secretion of gastric juices, bile and other digestive enzymes

Answer 35

Stomach

Question 36

Secrete cholecystokinin, a hormone that stimulates release of bile and pancreatic enzymes and secretin, a hormone that stimulates pancreatic release of an alkaline fluid to neutralize the stomach acid

Answer 36

Intestines

Question 37

Secretes atrial natriuretic hormone which decreases water and sodium thereby decreasing blood pressure

Answer 37

Heart

Question 38

Secretes chorionic gonadotropin which stimulates secretion and estrogen and progesterone and decreases lymphocyte activation

Answer 38

Placenta

Question 39

Secretes a hormone called leptin which inhibits appetite

Answer 39

Adipose tissue

Question 40

Vitamin d are formed in the epidermal layer of the skin

Answer 40

Skin

Question 41

Produced by cells in the kidney and the liver . Promotes production and survival or red blood cells. It's also plays a role in the brains response to neuronal injury and in the wound healing process

Answer 41

Erythropoietin