Endocrinology F1 Teaching

Question 1

What should happen to her regular insulin while she is treated?

Answer 1

Continue long-acting insulin and stop short-acting insulin (due to DKA)

Question 2

DKA is caused by uncontrolled … (not proteolysis) which results in an excess of free fatty acids that are ultimately converted to … bodies

Answer 2

DKA is caused by uncontrolled lipolysis (not proteolysis) which results in an excess of free fatty acids that are ultimately converted to ketone bodies

Question 3

The most common precipitating factors of DKA are …

Answer 3

Infections, missed insulin doses and myocardial infarction

Question 4

Features of DKA are …

Answer 4

Abdominal pain, polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, kussmaul respiration (deep hyperventilation), acetone-smelling breath (‘pear drops’ smell)

Question 5

Diabetic emergencies (3)

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the most appropriate first-line treatment?

Answer 6

Question 7

DKA is usually in what diabetes type?

Answer 7

T1 DM

Question 8

HHS is often in which type of diabetes?

Answer 8

T2 DM

Question 9

DKA vs HHS

- Things to ask

Answer 9

How long?
Glucose levels?
Ketone +?
Ph and serum osmolality