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Physics > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What is heat conduction

A

When particles that are very close together transfer heat as they vibrate

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2
Q

Convection only occurs in

A

Fluids

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3
Q

What is convection

A

When the more energetic particles move from the hotter region to the cooler region and transferring energy as they do

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4
Q

Why are metals good conductors

A

They have a special structure that means their electrons are delocalised

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5
Q

Which block will ice melt quicker on: wood or metal?

A

Metal because conduction occurred- the metal transferred energy to the ice from the room

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6
Q

Describe convection

A
  • as fluid heated the particles gain more energy and vibrate more
  • so they take up more space
  • so they are less dense
  • less dense fluid rises above dense fluid
  • cooler fluid falls to take place of hotter fluid
    Process continues
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7
Q

Give one example of where convection is useful

A

Immersion heater (heater coils at the bottom corner of a domed tank)

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8
Q

Radiation doesn’t need particles to transfer heat

A

Radiation is a wave that can travel through a vacuum

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9
Q

What type of wave is radiation

A

EM Wave

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10
Q

Describe the experiment used to find the types of surfaces best at emitting heat radiation

A

Put boiling water in a Leslie cube
- wait a few minutes
- measure the heat coming off each side ensuring thermometer is the same distance each time
- repeat three times

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11
Q

Two different ways efficiency can be displayed in

A

Percentage
Decimal

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12
Q

Material that are bad conductors

A

Glass and plastic

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13
Q

Disadvantages of solar power

A

Don’t work in the night and in some climates
Visually unattractive
Takes up a lot of space

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14
Q

what is another way of saying energy transferred

A

work done

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15
Q

what is the unit for work done

A

joules or newton metres

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16
Q

advantages of fossil fuels

A
  • reliable
  • can produce large amounts of energy with fairly short notice
17
Q

disadvantages of fossil fuels

A
  • porduces significamt greenhouse gases and pollution
18
Q

disadvantages of fossil fuels

A
  • produces significant greenhouse gases and pollution
19
Q

advantages of nuclear power

A
  • reliable
  • produces no greenhouse gases or pollution
  • a large amount of energy is produced with a small amount of fuel
20
Q

disadvantages of nuclear power

A
  • produces dangerous amounts of radioactive waste that takes thousands of years to decay
21
Q

advantages of bio-fuel energy

A
  • the CO2 produced while burning the fuel is equal to the amount absorbed while making it
22
Q

disadvantages of biofuels

A
  • takes up a lot of land to grow and consumes resources needed for food production
23
Q

advantages of wind energy

A
  • produces no greenhouse gases
  • the land around can still be used for farming
24
Q

disadvantages of wind energy

A
  • unreliable
  • can be noisy and ugly
  • not everywhere is suitable
25
Q

advantages of hydroelectric power

A
  • reliable and can produces a large amount of energy on short notice
  • produces no greenhouse gases or pollution
26
Q

disadvantages of hydroelectric power

A
  • can involve flooding large areas destroying habitats and homes
27
Q

advantages of tidal power

A
  • very predictable
  • large amount of energy produced at regular intervals
28
Q

disadvantages of tidal power

A
  • very few suitable locations
  • can cause harm to environments and disrupt shipping
29
Q

advantages of geothermal power

A
  • reliable
  • geothermal stations are usually small
30
Q

disadvantages of geothermal power

A
  • can result in the release of harmful gases from underground
  • not many suitable places
31
Q

advantages of solar power

A

produces no greenhouse gases or pollution
- good for producing energy in remote places

32
Q

disadvantages of solar power

A
  • unreliable (only when sunny)
  • use up a lot of farmland

Physics (13 decks)

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