Energy Flashcards
Endothermic
A process that absorbs heat energy (+🔺H)
Exothermic
A process that releases heat energy (-🔺H)
Specific heat capacity
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree celcius C=q/Mx🔺T
Thermodynamics
The study of energy changes
First law of thermodynamics
Energy is neither created or destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions and physical changes
Calorie
Amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius
Enthalpy
Change in energy of a chemical reaction (🔺H)
Heat of formation
Heat energy released or gained when a compound is formed (H subf)
Bond energy
Amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds in the gas state
Entropy
Measure of disorder; degree of randomness (S)
Second law of thermodynamics
The universe tends toward greater disorder spontaneously
Third law of thermodynamics
The entropy of a hypothetical pure crystalline substance at zero kelvin sis zero
Activation energy
The kinetic energy that reactants must have in order to turn into products
Catalyst
A substance that speeds up a reaction without itself being changed or reduced by lowering the required activation energy
Activated complex
A high energy transitional structure in a chemical reaction where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming
