Energy

Question 0

Secondary energy

Answer 0

Primary energy diverted into a different form eg heat energy from burning coal turned to electricity

Question 1

Primary energy

Answer 1

Direct source eg heat energy from coal

Question 2

UK energy mix

Answer 2

70% provided by oil and gas
Discovery of oil in North Sea in 1969 led to high consumption
Coal use decreased by 40% since 1990s
Renewables increases

Question 3

Frances energy mix

Answer 3

Coal mining stopped in 2004
Nuclear power since 1970s
Renewables from hydropower and biomass

Question 4

Location of nigeria

Answer 4

West Africa

Question 5

General info on NIgeria

Answer 5

Population- just under 2 million

Shell extracts oil from their and has about 2 million barrels of oil each day

5,000 spills every year

Question 6

Social impacts of oil extraction each year

Answer 6

Fumes cause women to miscarry
Causes asthma and cancer 
Walking in oil causes skin disease
Eye problems from fumes
Causes violence due to wanting to land back

Question 7

Economic impacts in Nigeria

Answer 7

No crop, no income
Not getting compensation for land
Country became dependant on oil income but it is finite

Question 8

Political impacts in Nigeria

Answer 8

Kidnapping on both sides

Question 9

Environmental impacts in Nigeria

Answer 9

Fish die
Crops ruined
Soil infertile
Gas in flaring creates greenhouse gases
Acid rain
Farmers become subsistence farmers
Drinking water contaminated

Question 10

Benefits of oil extraction in Nigeria

Answer 10

Provides many jobs BUT most taken by foreigners
Improvements in hospitals and education
Given a voice in African and world affairs
Big increase in government income from oil revenue
BUT 98%still lives in poverty

Question 11

Year of Russian and Ukraine dispute

Answer 11

2009

Question 12

Causes of dispute

Answer 12

Russia claimed Ukraine hadn’t paid depts for previous gas supplies

Russia was using gas supply to control Ukraine and have political power

Question 13

Impact on Russia

Answer 13

Lost an estimated £1 billion
Public protests
Ruined reputation for supplies

Question 14

Impact on Ukraine

Answer 14

Ruined reputation of being reliable

Lost £100 million in transit fees

Question 15

Impacts on Bulgaria

Answer 15

Alternative fuels was limited
150,000 homes lost heating
Schools and businesses shut down

Question 16

Impacts on Bosnia

Answer 16

We’re completely dependant on Russia
Happened during cold season
No alternatives
72,000 homes without heating

Question 17

Impacts on serbia

Answer 17

High gas demand due to severe weather

100,000 homes without heating

Question 18

Current/ future issues- Russia and Ukraine

Answer 18

Russia has power as they are offering cheap gas

Countries are now stockpiling

Question 19

Location of Burkina Faso

Answer 19

West Africa

Question 20

Appropriate technology case study

Answer 20

Rural Karnataka North India

Question 21

Problems in rural Karnataka

Answer 21

Lack of electricity as gross do not reach areas

Reliance on oil which is expensive and will run out

Question 22

Sustainable solutions in Karnataka

Answer 22

Solar panels

Biofuel

Question 23

Benefits of solar panels in Karnataka

Answer 23

Businesses can trade later and have made profits

Children can study at night- 10% improvements in literacy rates

Question 24

Disadvantages of solar panels

Answer 24

Very expensive initially | Output is low

Question 25

Benefits of biofuel in Karnataka

Answer 25

Schools can save money and spend on books etc Renewable Buy higher quality food which reduces malnutrition

Question 26

Disadvantages of biofuel

Answer 26

Carbon emission causes air pollution

Question 27

Ways to conserve energy HEAT

Answer 27

Radiators not blocked by furniture Doors and windows closed when heating is on Avoid heating in unused places eg corridors and storerooms

Question 28

Conserve energy ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Answer 28

Switch computers off when not in use Don't leave equipment on standby Purchase energy efficient equipment

Question 29

Conserving energy LIGHTING

Answer 29

Switch lights of in empty rooms Use daylight where possible Use low wattage lights

Question 30

Advantages of biomass

Answer 30

Easily accessible People in rural developing areas can use it Low sulphur which reduces acid rain Reduce landfills

Question 31

Disadvantages of biofuel

Answer 31

Low energy output | Large carbon emissions

Question 32

Advantages of wind turbines

Answer 32

Renewable Low cost No harmful pollutants

Question 33

Disadvantages of wind power

Answer 33

Noisy Ugly Unreliable Need lots of them

Question 34

Advantages of wave energy

Answer 34

Renewable Not limited by season Widely available

Question 35

Disadvantages of wave energy

Answer 35

Bad for marine ecosystem- machines disturb sea bed Toxic chemicals can spill into water Highly dependant on wavelength and requires constant powerful waves Noise and visual pollution

Question 36

Advantages of tidal power

Answer 36

Renewable | Environmentally friendly

Question 37

Disadvantages of tidal power

Answer 37

Expensive | Few locations available

Question 38

Advantages of solar power

Answer 38

Sustainable and renewable No noise or pollution Easy to install Low maintenance

Question 39

Disadvantages of solar energy

Answer 39

Expensive Doesn't work at night and cloudy days Only truly effective I. Areas of lots of sunlight eg deserts

Question 40

Advantages of nuclear power

Answer 40

``` Last longer than fossil fuels Fossil fuels will run out I. 50 yrs but nuclear will in 1000 yrs More efficient Less greenhouse gases are produced Smaller C02 emmisions No sulphur ```

Question 41

Disadvantages of nuclear power

Answer 41

Mistakes can be chatostrophic eg Chernobyl Requires his maintenance No solution to nuclear waste and can last for 1000s of years

Question 42

Acid rain

Answer 42

Atmospheric pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels

Question 43

Effects of acid rain

Answer 43

Soil becomes polluted Aquatic organisms killed as ph of water decreases Pollute water supplies leading to illnesses

Question 44

Solutions of acid rain

Answer 44

Use renewables or nuclear Conserve energy Minimise miles

Question 45

What country was effected by acid rain?

Answer 45

Germany

Question 46

Causes of acid rain in Germany

Answer 46

Industrial emissions | Exhaust fume

Question 47

Impacts of acid rain in Germany

Answer 47

Destroyed vegetation

Question 48

Responses to acid rain in Germany

Answer 48

3 tons of limestone dropped over forests to neutralise acid in soil

Question 49

Energy in UK

Answer 49

Mainly fossil fuels- 89% Nuclear is minor- 9% Renewable only 2%

Question 49

Energy produced in UK

Answer 49

Gas and oil huge reserves Coal is produced in small amount due to closure of mines in 1990s

Question 49

Solutions to energy supply in UK

Answer 49

Nuclear power station to be built in hinkley point c Increased wind turbines

Question 50

Benefits of Hinkley point c

Answer 50

25,000 jobs created 9,000,000 tonnes of C02 avoided each year Power 5 million homes

Question 51

Location of Hinkley point c

Answer 51

Somerset | South west England

Question 52

Disadvantages of Hinkley point c

Answer 52

Cost 16 billion Cause protests

Question 53

Facts about India's energy mix

Answer 53

Economic growth due to industrialisation means increase in energy demand Largest consumer of electricity in Asia Coal is poor quality Potential for HEP due to large rivers and heavy rainfall Po

Question 54

India's rural population solutions

Answer 54

Solar cookers SElCO Biofuel

Question 55

Solutions to India's energy supply

Answer 55

Increased nuclear supply Increased HEP production Renewables