Energy

Question 1

Name the types of energy stores

Answer 1

Kinetic, thermal, chemical, gravitational potential, elastic potential, electrostatic, magnetic, nuclear

Question 2

Give an example of a kinetic energy store

Answer 2

A ball bouncing

Question 3

Give an example of thermal energy store

Answer 3

Fire - a hot object

Question 4

Give an example of a chemical store

Answer 4

Food

Question 5

Give an example of a GPE store

Answer 5

A ball being held above a ground

Question 6

Give an example of an elastic potential energy store

Answer 6

A rubber band being stretched

Question 7

Give an example of electrostatic energy store

Answer 7

Two charges attracting / repelling

Question 8

Give an example of magnetic energy store

Answer 8

Two magnets attracting/ repelling

Question 9

Give an example of nuclear energy store

Answer 9

Nuclear reactions

Question 10

What is the formula for kinetic energy

Answer 10

KE =0.5 x mass x (speed)squared

Question 11

What is the formula for GPE

Answer 11

Change in GPE = mass x gravitational field strength(10) x change in vertical height

Question 12

What is does the law of conservation of energy state

Answer 12

Energy can be stored and transferred between stores and dissipated but it can never be created and destroyed

Question 13

What are the four energy transfers

Answer 13

Mechanically, electrically, by heating and by radiation

Question 14

What is mechanical transfer

Answer 14

A force acting in a object e.g pushing stretching squashing

Question 15

What is an electric transfer

Answer 15

A charge doing work against resistance e.g charges moving around a circuit

Question 16

What is a heating transfer

Answer 16

Energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder one e.g heating a a pan on a hob

Question 17

What is radiation transfer

Answer 17

Energy transferred by waves e.g energy from the sun reaching earth by light

Question 18

What is happening when a ball rolls up a slope

Answer 18

Mechanical transfer

KE - GPE

Question 19

What is happening when a bat hits a ball

Answer 19

Mechanical

KE some to thermal rest to sound

Question 20

What is happening when a rock is dropped from a cliff

Answer 20

Mechanical

GPE - KE

Question 21

What happens when a car slows down without braking

Answer 21

Mechanical

KE - thermal

Question 22

What happens when a kettle boils water

Answer 22

Electrically

Thermal energy store

Question 23

When is energy only useful

Answer 23

When it is transferred from one store to a useful store

Question 24

What is the efficiency formula

Answer 24

Useful energy transferred by device
Efficiency = —————————————————-
Total energy supplied by device

Question 25

What diagrams can you use to show efficiency

Answer 25

Sanky diagrams

Question 26

What does lubrication do

Answer 26

Reduces energy transferred by friction usually a liquid e.g oil as they can flow easily between objects and coat them

Question 27

What does insulation do

Answer 27

Reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating

Question 28

Name the non - renewable energy resources

Answer 28

Coal, oil, gas, nuclear

Question 29

What is coal

Answer 29

Formed from fossilised plants consisting of carbon. Burnt to provide heat/electricity Cheap to mine When burned gives off atmospheric pollutants

Question 30

What is oil

Answer 30

A carbon based liquid formed from fossiled animals Cheap to extract Limited supply

Question 31

What is natural gas

Answer 31

Gases trapped between seams of rock under the earths surface Cleaner than coal and oil When burned gives off atmospheric pollutants

Question 32

What is nuclear

Answer 32

Radioactive minerals Doesn’t give off atmospheric pollutants Leakage of nuclear materials can be devistating

Question 33

What are the renewable energy resources

Answer 33

Bio-fuels, wind, solar, hydro-elactricity and tidal

Question 34

What are bio-fuels

Answer 34

Created from plant/animal dung. Damages environment Reliable and available all year round

Question 35

What is wind power

Answer 35

Wind rotates blade which produces electricity No pollution Noisy and spoil view

Question 36

What is solar

Answer 36

Solar cells are made from materials that use energy transferred by light to create an electric current No pollution Initial costs are high

Question 37

What is hydro electricity

Answer 37

Flooding a valley and building a dam No pollution Negative impact on the environment

Question 38

What is tidal

Answer 38

Big dams built across river estuaries with turbines in them Reliable Destroys wildlife habitat

Question 39

What happens during the 20th and the 21st century

Answer 39

20th century electricity use got bigger as population did | 21st century electricity has decreased as appliances are more efficient

Question 40

What type of energy resource do we mainly use

Answer 40

Non renewable but we do use some renewable

Question 41

What is the UKs aim

Answer 41

To increase the use of renewable energy to 15 percent by 2020

Question 42

What are enrgy resources chosen for

Answer 42

Their effect in the environment

Question 43

Why is the use of renewable energy source limited

Answer 43

Reliability and money