Energy Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the 10 types of energy?
Magnetic Kinetic Heat Light Gravitational potential Chemical Sound Electric Elastic Nuclear
What are the four types of energy transfer?
Waves
Heating
Electrical current
Mechanical
In order to ________ energy stores, energy must be ____________ between stores.
Increase, transferred.
What are the five energy demands?
Electrical devices Hot water Heating buildings Cooking Transport
What percentage of the worlds energy demand uses fossil fuels?
86%.
What are advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels?
• reliable. • short start up time. • good to meet basic demand. —————————————————— •pollution; CO2 retains heat and contributes to global warming whilst SO2 produces acid rain. • non-renewable. • costs are increasing as they run out.
What are advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power?
• reliable.
• no CO2 or SO2 produced.
• Meets basic demand.
• more energy produced than fossil fuels.
——————————————————
• radioactive materials produced and are dangerous.
• radioactive waste products need to be disposed of.
• expensive to decommission.
• nuclear accidents.
• non-renewable.
What is bio-fuel?
Bio-fuel is a carbon neutral fuel taken from living or recently living organisms. They can be used instead of fossil fuels.
What are advantages and disadvantages of bio-fuel?
• can be used in vehicles. • carbon neutral. • renewable. • less SO2 produced. • food for economy grown in. —————————————————— • lower energy output. • using crops for fuel instead of food. • uses farmland. • increase in food prices. • requires water conservation.
What is an open system?
A system where energy can be transferred into and out of it.
What is a closed system?
No energy can be transferred in or out of it.
What is work?
Work is moving an object with applied force.
What is the equation for work?
W=FD
What is the equation for kinetic energy?
Ek= 0.5 x m x v^2
What is the equation for elastic potential energy?
Ee= 0.5 x k x e^2
What is useful energy?
Energy transferred to where it is wanted and in the form it is wanted.
What is specific heat capacity?
SHC is about a particular amount of heat energy that something can have.
What is friction?
An opposing force to the direction of movement when two surfaces are in contact.
What happens conduction?
Heat causes conduction electrons to move faster. They collide with metal ions and transfer their energy. This only occurs in solids.
What happens in convection?
Particles in warm air and in warm liquids gain energy and spread out. Warm air becomes less dense and rises.
What happens in radiation?
Radiation travels in electromagnetic waves. All objects emit infra-red radiation. Dark, dull surfaces are good absorbers and emitters.
When is coal, oil and natural gases estimated to run out?
Coal= 100 years
Oil= 50 years
Natural gasses= 80 years
What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?
Ep= mgh
What is the law of C.E.?
Energy can only be transferred or stored. You cannot create or destroy energy.
