ENERGY Flashcards
(24 cards)
Law of Conservation of Energy
A law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.
electrical energy
the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor
gravitational potential energy
energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level
chemical energy
potential energy derived from chemical reactions
elastic potential energy
the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material
nuclear energy
the energy stored at the centre of atoms, the tiny particles that make up all substances. Nuclear energy can be released from the radioactive metals uranium or plutonium, and transformed into electrical energy in a nuclear power station.
Conduction
Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat (internal energy) by microscopic collisions of particles and movement of electrons within an object or thong.
Convection
Convection is heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it.
Radiation
Radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.
Conductors
A conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of an electrical current in one or more directions.
Insulators
Insulators are materials that inhibit the flow of electrical current. The opposite of conductors, which allow electric particles to flow freely.
Density
Density is a measurement that compares the amount of matter an object has to its volume.
Luminous
Releasing its own light
Incandescent
Describes objects that emit light when they are hot
Bio luminescent
Describes living things that release light energy
Scattered
Describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance
Visible spectrum
Different colors that combine to make up white light; they are separated in rainbows
Dispersion
Separation of the colors that make up white light. Each color is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism.
Electromagnetic radiation
The radiant energy such as radio waves, infrared, visible light, X-rays and gamma rays released by magnetic or electric fields
Electromagnetic spectrum
Electromagnetic spectrum complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric and magnetic fields
Radio waves
Low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light
Infra-red radiation
Low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light
X-rays
High energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide information about their structure
Gamma rays
high energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reaction
