Energy, Metabolism and Food/Nutrients W1

Question 1

How much ATP does phosphocreatine produce?

Answer 1

1 ATP

Question 2

How much ATP does glucose from anaerobic glycolysis produce?

Answer 2

2 ATP

Question 3

How much ATP does glycogen from anaerobic glycolysis produce?

Answer 3

3 ATP

Question 4

How much ATP does glucose produce during aerobic breakdown?

Answer 4

36 ATP

Question 5

How much ATP does palmitate produce during aerobic breakdown?

Answer 5

130 ATP

Question 6

What are the typical carbohydrate stores of a 70kg man?
(Kcal, Blood Glucose, Liver Glycogen, Muscle Glycogen)

Answer 6

1500-200Kcal
Blood Glucose= 3-5g
Liver Glycogen= 80-100g
Muscle Glycogen= 300-400g

Question 7

What are the typical fat stores in a 70kg man?
(Adipose Tissue, Muscle Triglyceride)

Answer 7

31,500-126,000Kcal (Body fat 5-20%)
Adipose Tissue= 3.5-14kg
Muscle Triglyceride= 200-500g

Question 8

What are macronutrients?

Answer 8

Carbohydrate
Fat
Protein
Water

Question 9

What are micronutrients?

Answer 9

Vitamins
Minerals
Trace elements

Question 10

What are the different type of carbohydrate-rich foods?

Answer 10

Sugars (simple CHO)
Starches
Fibre

Question 11

How much of energy intake is carbohydrate?

Answer 11

60%

Question 12

What is the most abundant type of dietary fat?

Answer 12

Triglycerides

Question 13

What do fats do?

Answer 13

Protect vital organs
Cell membrane constituents
Precursors of bile, hormones and steroids

Question 14

What are saturated fatty acids?

Answer 14

No double bonds

Question 15

What are unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 15

1 or more double bonds

Question 16

How much of energy intake is fats?

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

How much of energy intake is protein?

Answer 17

10%

Question 18

What do amino acids do?

Answer 18

Central role in the metabolism of many organs and tissues
Precursors for the synthesis of body proteins
They are regulators of synthesis of neurotransmitters, hormones, DNA and RNA

Question 19

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 19

9

Question 20

How do you determine a complete protein?

Answer 20

Contains all 9 essential amino acids

Question 21

How do you determine an incomplete protein?

Answer 21

Is deficient in one or more essential amino acids

Question 22

How much water is found in the average adult body and how is it stored?

Answer 22

60% water
2/3 founds in cells
1/3 extracellular

Question 23

What are the functions of water?

Answer 23

Nutrient transport
Protection
Temperature regulation
Biochemical reactions
Medium for reactions

Question 24

What are monosaccarhides?

Answer 24

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 25

What are disaccharides?

Answer 25

Sucrose Maltose Lactose

Question 26

How much dietary fibre should you have in general dietary guidelines?

Answer 26

25g

Question 27

How much sodium should you have in general dietary guidelines?

Answer 27

Less than 2,400mg

Question 28

How much cholesterol should you have in general dietary guidelines?

Answer 28

Less than 300mg

Question 29

How much potassium should you have in general dietary guidelines?

Answer 29

3,500mg

Question 30

How much saturated fat should you have in general dietary guidelines?

Answer 30

20g (10% total energy intake)

Question 31

Why should chronic fat intake <20% energy intake be discouraged?

Answer 31

For weight-loss and body composition changes