Energy resources

Question 1

Three main fossil fuels

Answer 1

Coal
Oil
Gas

Question 2

Renewable energy

Answer 2

Replenished quicker or equal to the rate they it is being used, so will never run out

Question 3

Non-renewable energy

Answer 3

Energy source that cannot be replenished as fast as it is being used, so will run out

Question 4

Examples of renewable energy resources

-s… (…)
-w…
-h…-e…
-b…-f…
-t…
-g…
-w…

Answer 4

-sun (solar)
-wind
-hydro-electricity
-bio-fuel
-tides
-geothermal
-waves

Question 5

Renewable and no renewable energy sources used for transport

Answer 5

Renewable:
-biofuels

Non-renewable:
-petrol and diesel
-coal

Question 6

Renewable and non-renewable energy resources used for heating

Answer 6

Renewable:
-geothermal heat pump
-solar water heaters
-burning biofuel

Non-renewable:
-natural gas
-coal
-electric heaters

Question 7

Wind power

-uses wind … in e… places
-each turbine has a … in it, the r… blades turn the generator and produce …

Answer 7

-uses wind turbines in exposed places
-each turbine has a generator in it, the rotating blades turn the generator and produce electricity

Question 8

Pros and cons of wind turbines

Pros:
-no p…
-no f… costs
-little running …
-no p… damage to l…

Cons:
-high … costs
-ugly, can affect t…
-not r…, if wind is too weak or too …

Answer 8

Pros:
-no pollution
-no fuel costs
-little running costs
-no permanent damage to landscapes

Cons:
-high initial costs
-ugly, can affect tourism
-not reliable, if wind is too weak or too strong

Question 9

Solar cells

Answer 9

-generate electricity directly from sunlight

Question 10

Pros and cons of solar cells

Pros:
-no p…
-very r…
-very low r… costs

Cons:
-made out of a non-… resource
-only can be used in the …
-high … costs
-can’t increase p… output

Answer 10

Pros:
-no pollution
-very reliable
-very low running costs

Cons:
-made out of a non-renewable resource
-only can be used in the day
-high initial costs
-can’t increase power output

Question 11

Hydro-electric power

Answer 11

-flooding a valley or dam, water spins the turbines which generates electricity

Question 12

Pros and cons of hydro-electric power

Pros:
-no p…
-can provide and i… response to a … for electricity
-no fuel … and minimal … costs
-r…

Cons:
-damage …
—>loss of b…
-high … costs

Answer 12

Pros:
-no pollution
-can provide and immediate response to a demand for electricity
-no fuel costs and minimal running costs
-reliable

Cons:
-damage habitat
—>loss of biodiversity
-high initial costs

Question 13

Wave power

Answer 13

-lots of wave powered turbines are located around the coast, the waves move the turbines generating electricity

Question 14

Pros and cons of wave power

Pros:
-no p…
-no … costs and minimal r… costs

Cons:
-disrupt … life
-unreliable
-high … costs

Answer 14

Pros:
-no pollution
-no fuel costs and minimal running costs

Cons:
-disrupt sea life
-unreliable
-high initial costs

Question 15

What are biofuels

Answer 15

Where plant products or animal dung are burnt to produce electricity

Question 16

Pros and cons of bio-fuel

Pros:
-r…
-biofuels can be s… ready for use

Cons:
-cost to r… biofuels is very …
-growing crops for biofuels l… the water and s… for crops used for …
-large … are c… to make room to grow … which reduces b…
-the d… of burning biofuels releases C… and M…

Answer 16

Pros:
-reliable
-biofuels can be stored ready for use

Cons:
-cost to refine biofuels is very high
-growing crops for biofuels limits the water and space for crops used for food
-large areas are cleared to make room to grow biofuels which reduces biodiversity
-the decay of burning biofuels releases CO2 and Methane

Question 17

Pros and cons of fossil fuels and nuclear power

Pros:
-very r…
-can respond q… to changes in …
-running c… are relatively …
-nuclear power is c…

Cons:
-… out
-high … to set up … plants
-release C… into air when burned
—>greenhouse …, global …
-burning c… and oil releases sulfur …
—>causes … rain, which damages e…
-mining … the landscape and destroys h…
-power plant are not a… so can affect …
-oil s… can harm the environment
-nuclear power produces nuclear … which is very d… and hard to d… of
-cost of nuclear power is very …
-nuclear power carries the r… of a …

Answer 17

Pros:
-very reliable
-can respond quickly to changes in demand
-running costs are relatively low
-nuclear power is clean

Cons:
-running out
-high cost to set up power plants
-release CO2 into air when burned
—>greenhouse effect, global warming
-burning coal and oil releases suffer dioxide
—>causes acid rain, which damages ecosystems
-mining destroys the landscape and destroys habitats
-power plant are not appealing so can affect tourism
-oil spillages can harm the environment
-nuclear power produces nuclear waste which is very dangerous and hard to dispose of
-cost of nuclear power is very high
-nuclear power carries the risk of a disaster