Energy Systems

Question 1

Vo2 max

Answer 1

The max volume of o2 that can be taken up and used by the muscles per minute

Question 2

Oxygen deficit

Answer 2

When there is not enough o2 available at the start of exercise to provide all energy (ATP) aerobically

Question 3

EPOC

Answer 3

The amount of o2 consumed during recovery above that which would have been consumed at rest during the same time

Question 4

EPOC
Fast component

Answer 4

Replenish ATP PC- 3 minutes/ 50% in 30s
Resatuation myoglobin takes up to 2 minutes

Question 5

EPOC
Slow component

Answer 5

Removal of lactic acid- hour+
- back to pyrvic and oxidised
- blood glucose and glycogen
- protein
- sweat and urine
Mentainance of BR and HR AL
Glycogen replenishment- hour but several days after marathon- speed up eat high carb
Increase in body temperature
- respiratory rates remain high, take in more o2

Question 6

Factors affecting VO2 max

Answer 6

Type Training- aerobic increase 10-20%
Genetics
Physiological eg capillaries Q SV
Age- old declines
Gender- men 20% higher
Body comp- fat decreases
Lifestyle- smoking, sedentary

Question 7

Factors affecting lactate accumulation

Answer 7

Exercise intensity- type 2x limited stores
MF type- slow twitch presence O2
Rate of blood lactate removal- equality
RER- co2 produced vs o2 consumed, 1 glycogen
Fitness- train regally adaptations myoglobin capillary

Question 8

Why use energy expenditure

Answer 8

Indicate exercise intensity
Levels of fitness
Dietary requirements needed for a performer to recover and replace energy they have used
How effective training was

Question 9

Measuring energy expenditure
Indirect calorimeter

Answer 9

Uses metabolic cart
CO2 produced and O2 consumed at rest and aerobic exercise
Used to find out the main substrate fat 0.7 and carbs 0.1
Precise calculation of VO2 max

Question 10

Measuring energy expenditure
Lactate sampling

Answer 10

Running, swimming and rowing
Monitor training and predict performance
Taking tiny blood sample and hand held device
Indicates how much lactate is present
Accurate and objective
Measure exercise intensity- fitness
Allows select relevabt training zones
Regular LS comparison- see improvements
Low lactate level at same intensity- increased peak, time to exhaust, Robert hr, higher lactate threshold

Question 11

Measuring energy expenditure
Direct gas analysis

Answer 11

Increasing intensity on treadmill, rowing, cycle ergometer
Until failure
Air expired calculated by computer
Vol and concentration o2 expired compared against o2 in atmosphere
Indicate how much o2 used during task

Question 12

Measuring energy expenditure
RER

Answer 12

Co2 vs o2
Exercise intensity
Fuel usage
Working aerobically or anaerobically
1 carbs
0.7 fats

Question 13

Specialised training
Altitude training

Answer 13

Above 2500 sea level
Increase RBC and EPO

sickness
Mental health
Expensive
Lost 14 days

Acclimatise, train, recover

Question 14

Specialised training
HITT

Answer 14

Aerobic and anaerobic
Duration of work
Intensity of speed
Duration
Work vs recovery
Fat burning
Glucose metabolism
Aerobic and anaerobic endurance

Question 15

Specialised training
Polymeric

Answer 15

Power and strength training
High intensity explosive
Hopping, bounding
Fast twitch
Eccentric
Amortisation
Concentric

Can use press ups for upper body

Question 16

Specialised training
SAQ

Answer 16

Co ordination
Balance
Flexibility
Sport specific
Multi directional movements
Zig zags

Question 17

Adv disadv aerobic system

Answer 17

+
More ATP
no fatiguing bi products
Lots of gkycogen stores
-
Can’t be used straight away

Question 18

Adv disadv ATP PC

Answer 18

+
No fatiguing bi products
Immediate release of energy
-
Limited OC stores
8-10 seconds

Question 19

Adv disadv anaerobic glycolic

Answer 19

+
45-3 minutes
Few chemical reactions so replenish ATP quickly
-
Fatiguing bi products