Energy Systems

Question 1

What 3 things comprise a subjects TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)

Answer 1

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
Thermic Effect of Feeding (TEF)
Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA)

Question 2

What are the total calories you burn within a 24 hour period

Answer 2

Total daily energy expenditure TDEE

Question 3

What are calories you burn at rest?

Answer 3

Resting Metabolic Rate RMR

Question 4

What are calories you burn while eating (digestion)

Answer 4

Thermic Effect of Feeding TEF

Question 5

What are calories you burn while exercising?

Answer 5

Thermic Effect of Exercise TEE

Question 6

What percentage of RMR makes up a subjects TDEE

Answer 6

60-75%

Question 7

What percentage of TEF makes up a subjects TDEE

Answer 7

10%

Question 8

What percentage of TEE makes up a subjects TDEE

Answer 8

15-30%

Question 9

How can a person increase their RMR?

Answer 9

by increasing muscle mass

Question 10

How can a person increase their TEF?

Answer 10

Eating 6 smaller meals each day

Question 11

How can a person increase their TEE?

Answer 11

Increasing exercise time/intensity

Question 12

What is equal to the basal metabolic rate or resting oxygen consumption, and represents how much oxygen we have to use to burn calories?

Answer 12

MET

Question 13

What measures the amount of heat produced?

Answer 13

Direct calorimetry

Question 14

What measures oxygen consumption?

Answer 14

Indirect calorimetry

Question 15

For every 1 liter of oxygen O2 we consume, we burn

Answer 15

5 calories

Question 16

What does RQ stand for?

Answer 16

Respiratory Quotient

Question 17

What does RQ represent?

Answer 17

Co2produced/O2 consumed

Question 18

When is the RQ measured?

Answer 18

measured at rest

Question 19

What is the significance of the RQ to the clinician?

Answer 19

Helps them approximate the macronutrient mixture catabolized for energy during rest and aerobic exercise

Question 20

What would the RQ be if a subject was burning 100% of CHO?

Answer 20

1.0

Question 21

What would the RQ be if a subject was burning 100% of Fat?

Answer 21

0.7

Question 22

What are the 6 forms of energy?

Answer 22

1. Chemical
2. Mechanical
3. Heat
4. Light
5. Electric
6. Nuclear

Question 23

What is the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism

Answer 23

Anabolism

Question 24

What is the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism

Answer 24

catabolism

Question 25

1. Initiates chemical reactions and | 2. accelerates chemical reactions are the 2 primary function of

Answer 25

enzymes

Question 26

ATP - PC System and Phosphogen System have an energy system that is the

Answer 26

Immediate Energy System

Question 27

Anaerobic Glycolysis and Lactic Acid System have an energy system that is the

Answer 27

short term energy system

Question 28

Oxygen System and Aerobic System have an energy system that is the

Answer 28

Long Term Energy System

Question 29

What reaction is where pyruvate gains 2 hydrogens and reduces to lactate

Answer 29

reduction reaction

Question 30

what reaction is where lactate loses 2 hydrogens and oxidates to pyruvate

Answer 30

oxidation reaction

Question 31

Where does aerobic formation of ATP occur?

Answer 31

Kreb Cycle & ETC - Mitochondria

Question 32

Where does anaerobic formation of ATP occur?

Answer 32

Cytoplasm

Question 33

Without O2 present, pyruvate will be reduced to lactate in the muscle then transported to the blood stream to the liver where it will be turned back into pyruvate then to glucose. It will then be either stored in the liver for future use or transported back to the muscle as glucose. This process of gluconeogeneis is known as the _____ and it helps to maintain muscle CHO reserves

Answer 33

Cori Cycle

Question 34

Glucagon is produced by alpha cells of the pancreas in response to a lower level of glucose in the blood stream. Over in the blood it stimulates the liver to breakdown glycogen into glucose units and send it to the blood stream, thus increases blood sugar levels

Answer 34

.

Question 35

Insulin is another hormone that is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and released in the blood stream where blood glucose levels are high. This will stimulate the cells to receive glucose from the blood stream inside the cell, thus lowering the blood glucose levels. The two hormones keep BGLU in balance

Answer 35

.

Question 36

The anaerobic threshold is the point in which blood lactate levels begin to rise. It occurs when the aerobic systems ability to produce ATP is low. So there is low O2 in the tissue. The extra ATP is produced by the anaerobic glycolysis system and lactic acid is produced. When excessive amount of lactate is produced they begin to accumulate in the muscle, this is known as OBLA

Answer 36

.

Question 37

What is the onset of blood lactate accumulation. It causes rapid muscle fatigue?

Answer 37

OBLA

Question 38

When does OBLA occur?

Answer 38

When excessive amounts of lactate are produced in absence of O2

Question 39

Why does OBLA occur?

Answer 39

There is no O2 and pyruvate converts to lactate producing ATP by the anaerobic glyycolysis system

Question 40

1. Burning and heaviness felt in legs or major muscle groups being trained 2. Cant catch their breath 3. Side stitch and talk test are three

Answer 40

consequences of OBLA

Question 41

What Energy system is the fastest, with no energy needed, lasts 10-30 sec and ATP is limited to PC muscle stores

Answer 41

ATP-PC

Question 42

What Energy system is the fast, with no energy needed, lasts 1-3 min and ATP produced is 2-3

Answer 42

Anaerobic Glycolysis

Question 43

What Energy system is the slow, with energy needed, lasts hours sec and ATP produced is 36-39

Answer 43

Aerobic glycolysis

Question 44

What Energy system is the slowest, with energy needed, lasts for hours and ATP produced is 460

Answer 44

Aerobic Fat Metabolism

Question 45

ATP-PC (Phospagen system) occurs in the

Answer 45

cytoplasm

Question 46

Anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid system) occurs in the

Answer 46

myoplasm

Question 47

Aerobic glycolysis (oxygen system) occurs in

Answer 47

Krebs cycle

Question 48

Aerobic beta-oxidation (oxygen system) occurs in the

Answer 48

krebs cycle and ETC

Question 49

Aerobic deamination (oxygen system) occurs in the

Answer 49

mitochondria