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Engines Flashcards

1
Q

What type engine:

B787-9

B787-8

A

B787-9 GEnx-1B74/75 engines rated at 74,100 lbs thrust each

B787-8 GEnx-1B70 engines
rated at 69,800 lbs thrust each

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2
Q

Is it normal for the EICAS to display an EGT amber difference between engines?

A

Yes…in the event of engine replacement, the new engine may be derated to match the installed engine

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3
Q

What is the indication for loss of engine data?

Is there an associated EICAS message?

A

The associated engine indication blanks

There is no EICAS message

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4
Q

When is the reference/target N1 displayed in magenta?

A

Target N1 commanded by FMC when:

VNAV is engaged and A/T in THR or THR REF

OR

AT not engaged

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5
Q

When is commanded N1 sector filled in amber?

A

A difference between engine N1 and commanded N1 exists and engine N1 is not closing toward commanded N1

ENG THRUST EICAS displayed

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6
Q

When reverse thrust is activated, the following N1 indications are not displayed:

A

Maximum N1 line

Commanded N1

Reference/Target N1 indications

Reference N1

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7
Q

Red line on EGT gauge?

A

Maximum takeoff EGT

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8
Q

Amber line on EGT gauge?

A

Normal maximum continuous EGT limit

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9
Q

EGT indication in white?

In amber?
Time limits?

In red?

A

White=operating in normal band

Amber=max continuous limit reached
Inhibited for 5 min during takeoff and go around
Inhibited for 10 minutes during single engine operations

Red=max start or takeoff limit is reached

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10
Q

When is engine start limit line displayed?

A

Engine fire switch is IN and:

FUEL CONTROL switch in CUTOFF

OR

N2 RPM below idle

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11
Q

Can you cancel des EGT box color?

A

Yes…can be canceled to white or recalled to red by pressing the CANCL/RCL switch on the display panel

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12
Q

Green ICA indication on N1 gauge?

A

Ice Crystal Anti-Ice function

Automatic feature providing protection against ice crystal icing

Activates only above 30,000 feet and will activate for at least 30 minutes

Continues in 15 minute increments as conditions warrant

Will terminate as aircraft descends below 28,500 feet

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13
Q

Inflight start envelope?

A

Displayed in magenta

Only displayed when:

Respective fire handle in and

Either the engine’s FUEL CONTROL is in CUTOFF

OR

Engine N2 RPM below IDLE

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14
Q

Secondary engine indications display automatically when: (7)

A

Initially receive power

FUEL CONTROL -> CUTOFF in flight

Engine fire switch pulled in flight

Secondary engine parameter is exceeded

N2 RPM below idle in flight

Start selector is in START

FUEL FLOW ENG L/R advisory

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15
Q

If secondary indications have been automatically displayed, how can they be cleared?

A

Only by resolving the issue, then pushing the ENG display switch

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16
Q

Green RUNNING indication atop N2 gauge?

A

Fuel control switch in RUN position and the engine is at or above idle

Will blank 30 seconds after engine reaches idle

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17
Q

White AUTOSTART indication on N2 gauge?

A

EEC in autostart mode

Will blank when system no longer attempting an engine start

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18
Q

AUTORELIGHT on N2 gauge?

A

EEC is in auto-relight mode

Will blank when EEC is no longer attempting an auto-relight

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19
Q

What is the green idle target indication on N2 gauge?

A

Approximate RPM where the engine can maintain self-sustained running operation

Fuel control must be in RUN position and engine below idle

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20
Q

Magenta X-START indication below N2 gauge?

A

Current altitude and airspeed are outside of the windmilling start envelope

Starter assist is recommended for an inflight start

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21
Q

OIL PRESS amber band?

A

Indicates the caution range and is only displayed on the ground below 80 knots

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22
Q

OIL PRESS red line?

A

Oil pressure operating limit

Vertical position of red line will vary with N2 RPM

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23
Q

OIL QTY indication?

A

Usable oil quantity in quarts

White numbers on black background for normal quantity

Black numbers on white background for low quantity

LO displayed in white when low

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24
Q

Engine VIB display?

A

Normal is white numbers on a black background

If high vibration, displayed as black numbers on a white background

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25
If vibration source unknown?
BB displayed and the number refers to the average vibration
26
Engine VIB high band?
Level at which automatic display of the secondary engine indications will occur
27
Briefly describe the EECs
Each engine controlled by a separate full authority EEC The EECs monitor thrust lever position to automatically control the engines The EECs use N1 to set thrust and operate in normal or alternate modes
28
How are the EECs powered?
During the engine start, the EECs are powered by aircraft power At a certain RPM the Permanent Magnetic Alternators (PMAs) are able to provide sufficient power
29
EEC Normal Mode?
EEC sets N1 according to thrust lever position
30
EEC switch in ALTN?
EEC switch is OFF, EEC switch sets thrust using N1 RPM as the controlling parameter
31
Alternate modes of the EEC? What will make the EEC automatically shift to alternate mode?
The alternate mode operates in either soft (automatic) or hard (manually selected) mode The EEC will shift to soft alternate if required signals to operate in normal mode are lost
32
NORM and ALTN both illuminated in EEC switch?
Soft alternate mode At a fixed thrust lever position, the thrust will not change
33
ALTN (amber) in EEC switch
Hard alternate mode selected manually by pressing EEC switch Thrust may change to set the commanded N1 when ALTN is manually selected
34
Will the autothrottles remain engaged in either alternate EEC modes?
Yes, in both
35
How does switching between normal and alternate mode affect thrust level?
Alternate mode will provide equal or greater thrust than the normal mode for the same thrust lever position
36
Thrust protection in alternate EEC mode?
No. Max rated thrust is reached at less than full forward thrust lever position. Overboost is therefore a possibility In this case, ENG LIMIT PROT L/R EICAS will appear
37
Are N1 and N2 overspeed protection available in alternate mode?
Yes
38
Where is ALTN mode overspeed protection located? How does it work? What happens if RPM limiting fails and overspeed condition persists?
The overspeed protection is provided on the N2 shaft. N1 protection is indirect, from the N2 location. As the N2 approaches the red line limit, the EEC will command a reduced fuel flow If the RPM limiter fails, the EEC will close the fuel valve and shut down the engine
39
ENG RPM LIMITED L/R? ENG LIMIT EXCEED?
RPM limiting in effect The RPM red line limit has been exceeded
40
Is there a provision to overboost the engines?
Yes, advancing the engine thrust levers to full forward in alternate mode provides some over boost Only to be considered in emergency situations when all other options failed and terrain contact is imminent
41
What is thrust ramping? Is it available in ALTN mode?
EEC slowly increases thrust up to takeoff seeding, to compensate for high stress loads on fan blades due to crosswinds and low ground speed No
42
Thrust control malfunction accommodation?
On ground, EEC shuts down engine if thrust lever is at idle and the engine is not decelerating normally
43
What is Thrust Assymetry Protection (TAP)?
Provides assymetric thrust protection during takeoff or go around by limiting thrust on the higher thrust engine Also available in alternate mode of the EEC
44
How does TAP work?
Reduces thrust on operating engine, ensuring there is enough rudder for directional control Reduces thrust when airspeed drops below V2 on a takeoff or below VREF on a go-around Will increase the thrust again once airspeed has increased
45
Does TAP only function at speeds below VREF on go-around?
Only exception is during a light weight go-around at weights < 335,000#. TAP will reduce thrust slightly right at VREF
46
Does TAP degrade aircraft performance when operating?
No. The climb gradient actually increases when TAP is active, because the additional thrust assymetry increases drag
47
Do the thrust levers move during TAP operation?
No. The N1 tic marks decrease, but the thrust lever stays constant
48
THRUST ASYM PROT EICAS?
Thrust Asymmetry Protection function is inoperative
49
What is the transient bleed system?
Unloads the compressor during engine acceleration for increased engine stall margin
50
What is the TBV?
Transient Bleed Valve A fuel operated valve controlled by the EEC, based on N2 speed Unloads the compressor during acceleration to increase stall margin
51
ENG TBV CLOSED L/R
The TBV fails to open when commanded
52
ENG TBV OPEN L/R EICAS?
TBV remains open when commanded to close Occurs on the ground below 80 kts Accompanied by ENG TBV OPEN L/R status message
53
If the TBV fails to open prior to thrust reverser deployment? If it fails to open during thrust reverser deployment?
The associated thrust reverser will be inhibited The associated thrust reverser will be limited to idle
54
ENG REV LIMITED L/R?
The associated TBV has failed to open during reverser operations
55
What could happen if TBV fails in OPEN position?
May lead to an EGT exceedance and associated flight deck alerts
56
When is approach idle commanded?
Selected inflight when flaps 25 or greater OR Landing gear selected down
57
When is icing idle commanded?
When engine anti-ice is on
58
ICI function?
Ice Crystal Icing The EEC contains a function to accommodate for ICI conditions It will operate for at least 30 minutes and then 15 minute additions if ice crystals conditions still exist
59
Where is ICI function commanded?
Only above 30,000 feet Turns off descending through 28,500 feet
60
At cruise levels above 30,000 feet and the engines seem to be fluctuating a bit. Is this normal on a 787-9?
Yes, it could be the ICI function of the 787-9 EEC. Each EEC ICI function independently changes engine parameters, so the engines might fluctuate independently
61
What is the power requirement for simultaneous engine start?
APU must be running with both APU generators operational. If power is inadequate, the second command start will be ignored
62
Load shedding during engine start Is there load shedding during every start? How do you view load shedded systems?
Yes, loads shed during every engine start. Items can be viewed on their respective synoptic, as well as a majority of items spread on the electrical synoptic
63
ENG STARTERS L/R EICAS?
Both starters on the respective engine have failed
64
When is a red maximum start limit line indicated on the EGT gauge?
FUEL CONTROL switch moved to CUTOFF The engine N2 RPM is below idle and the respective fire switch is not pulled
65
How do you initiate the autostart sequence?
Rotate the L START selector to START Move the L FUEL CONTROL switch to RUN Rotate the R START selector to START Move the R FUEL CONTROL switch to RUN
66
During a ground start, what errors does the autostart monitor and correct for?
Compressor stall High EGT Hot start Hung start Loss of one starter No EGT riSe Start time exceeded
67
On the ground, the EEC will outright abort an autostart for (3 items): What will be the indication?
Loss of both starters No N1 rotation No oil pressure rise Indication is ENG AUTOSTART EICAS
68
On the ground, If EEC unable to correct for ___ ____ or ____ ______, the EEC will cancel the autostart. _______ ________will be displayed
Hung start Compressor stall ENG AUTOSTART (L/R)
69
What is the ground limit for engine start attempts?
The EEC will limit it to three start attempts
70
In flight, will the EEC abort start attempts?
No. It will temporarily discontinue a start, or take corrective action, but it will not abort a start
71
In flight, what will the EEC discontinue the start temporarily for?
If a preset EGT between start EGT and takeoff EGT is reached A hung start is detected
72
When is the inflight start envelope information displayed on the EICAS?
An engine is not running (N2 is below idle) An engine is shutdown in flight and the engine fire switch is not pulled
73
What does the inflight start envelope indicate?
The airspeed range necessary to ensure an inflight start at the indicated flight level
74
What prompts the secondary engine indications to be displayed automatically in flight?
Engine is not running (N2 below idle) OR FUEL CONTROL switch moved to CUTOFF
75
Magenta X-START below N2 indication?
X-START is the starter assist indication Airspeed is below that for a windmilling start
76
Autostart will continuously attempt inflight starts until:
The engine starts Pilot aborts by placing FUEL CONTROL switch in CUTOFF (and placing START switch in NORMAL if starter assisted attempt)
77
How many igniters are in each engine? How many fire during inflight starts? How are they powered? What is the backup power source?
There are 2 igniters in each engine The EEC controls which ignited Both igniters fire during an inflight start Normally powered by DC power Backup power is standby power
78
When does auto-relight system activate?
Anytime on the ground or in flight whenever an engine is at or below idle with FUEL CONTROL switch in RUN
79
What scenarios will the EEC automatically switch on both igniters?
Engine flameout Engine rollback Igniters switch off when RPM back at idle
80
What happens in event of sub-idle engine stall?
Fuel is shut off for one second Fuel schedule then reduced to help engine return to idle At idle, fuel schedule returns to normal
81
When is fuel spar valve open?
When fire switch is in and either START selector in START OR FUEL CONTROL switch in RUN
82
When is Engine Fuel Valve open?
When commanded by EEC, provided the Engine Fire Switch is in and the Fuel Control Switch is in RUN
83
Are there crew procedures based on low oil quantity?
No. There is no minimum oil quantity limit
84
Low oil quantity display?
Will cause automatic secondary engine display Will show reverse indication: black numbers on a white background
85
Can thrust reverser be deployed without engine running?
No. Requirements are: Engine has to be running Aircraft must be on ground
86
What ancillary actions are caused by pulling up the thrust reverser?
The autothrottle disengages The auto speed brakes deploy
87
REV in amber? In green?
REV (amber) indicates the thrust reversers are in transit REV (green) indicates the thrust reversers are fully deployed
88
ENG REV LIMITED L/R?
Reverser cannot deploy when commanded OR Can only deploy with reverse limited to idle
89
ENG REVERSER L/R
Only displayed on ground, Indicates system fault
90
ENG REV AIR/GND
Air/ground logic that prevents inflight reverser deployment has failed
91
ENG REV COMMANDED L/R
In flight and associated reverse lever not in down position
92
When a vibration value of ____ units is reached, the secondary engine parameters are automatically displayed
4 units
93
Engine failure alert system? What is the indication?
Provides alerts when actual engine performance is less than commanded during all phases of flight Red ENG FAIL on both PFDs and HUDs Voice annunciation: “ENGINE FAIL” Master Warning lights
94
What are the takeoff speed parameters for the engine failure alert system?
Airspeed between 65 kts and 6 kts prior to V1
95
ENG FAIL L/R EICAS?
An engine unexpectedly decelerated to less than idle speed Message will remain until engine recovers or FUEL CONTROL to CUTOFF
96
ENG THRUST L/R
Engine is producing less than commanded thrust and actual thrust is not increasing Engine is producing more than commanded thrust and actual thrust is not decreasing Current airspeed greater than V1-6 knots Accompanied by master caution light and aural chime
97
Is there a manual start option for the engines?
No. Only autostart.
98
What provides engine rotation during start?
The two starter/generators are energized and drive the N2 shaft through the accessory gearbox
99
The START selectors control:
They control the starter motors
100
The FUEL CONTROL switches control:
They control the ignition and the fuel flow during start
101
Simultaneous engine start is only possible with:
Both APU generators on line
102
When doing a simultaneous engine start, how long should one delay in selecting the second START selector to STATT?
Minimum of five seconds
103
What indications on EGT and N2 gauges during engine start?
A red start limit line is indicated on the EGT gauge while N2 is below idle White AUTOSTART is indicated above the N2 value until engine is at idle, when it changes to a green RUNNING indication, lasting 30 seconds
104
ENG STARTERS L/R EICAS?
Both starters on an engine failed
105
THRUST ASYM PROT EICAS?
TAP is inoperative
106
When N1, N2 or EGT exceeded, what are the indications when return to normal range?
Only the box remains red The red box can be cancelled by pressing the CAC/RCL switch on a DSP (It can also be recalled by pressing the switch again)

B787 (22 decks)

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