englang exam

Question 1

how to write short answer responces?

Answer 1

1. Line number
2. quoted example
3. Metalinguistic label
4. context ( situational-behavior and actions associated with the situation) & “( cultural- where it takes place what is it about as in FNP and who is getting interviewed).
5. Context , report and purpose.

Question 2

how to identify an adjective?

Answer 2

• det, adjective,noun
• noun is ajective

Question 3

how to identify a verb?

Answer 3

common endings:
- ise.
- ize.
- use.
- ing.
- ed.

Question 4

What does “Semantic domain “ refer to ?

Answer 4

• The domain/ main idea of the text.

Question 5

“Like “ Word class?

Answer 5

Discourse Particle.

Question 6

“Which “ Word class?

Answer 6

Relative Pronoun.

Question 7

“After “ Word class?

Answer 7

Proposition.

Question 8

“Really “ Word class?

Answer 8

Adverb.

Question 9

“It “ Word class?

Answer 9

Noun.

Question 10

“So “ Word class?

Answer 10

Coordinating Conjunction.

Question 11

“Because “ Word class?

Answer 11

Subordinating Conjunction.

Question 12

List the prosodic Features. 5 marks

Answer 12

Pitch.
Stress.
Intonation.
Volume.
Tempo.

Or A way to remember this is VIPST

Question 13

What does register refer to? 1 mark

A) the reason the text exists in the world
B) the level of formality of the text
C) the relation ship between the participants in the text
D) weather the text is public or private

Answer 13

Correct Ans. B

Question 14

What are the two parts of context? 1 mark

A) Situational
B) Where + When
C) Public or Private
D) Cultural

Answer 14

A and D

Question 15

Test to see if a sentence is a passive voice or active voice.

Answer 15

IF you can add “ By zombies” at the end of the sentence it is passive voice and if not then it is active voice.

Question 16

“And “ Word class?

Answer 16

Coordinating conjunction.

Question 17

How to identify and “Adverb”

Answer 17

• time, manner, place, frequency, degree
• Some end in ly

Question 18

interjections?

Answer 18

have emotional meaning that stands outside of the sentence

Question 19

list the determiners

Answer 19

the / a / an

Question 20

List of prepositions

Answer 20

on, in, under, above, through, below, to, of, with, at, for

Question 21

List all the coordinating conjunctions?

Answer 21

-For
-And
-Nor
-But
-Or
-Yet
-So

Question 22

List all the subordinating conjunctions?

Answer 22

-however
-if
-because
-while
-although
-as

Question 23

list all the auxiliary verbs

Answer 23

-to be
-to have
-to do
-is
-am
-are
-was
-were
-be
-being
-been

Question 24

list all the modal verbs

Answer 24

-may
-might
-must
-can
-could
-will
-would
-shall
-should

Question 25

Relative pronoun?

Answer 25

-who -whom -whose -that -which

Question 26

What is “first person”? Provide examples

Answer 26

- I - we - us -our - my - me

Question 27

What is “second person”? Provide examples

Answer 27

- you - your

Question 28

What is “third person”? Provide examples

Answer 28

- they - she - he - it - them

Question 29

How to know if it is a " inflectional morpheme"?

Answer 29

- if it ends in: - est - s - er - ed - en - ing

Question 30

How to know what type of "inflectional" morpheme it is?

Answer 30

Superlative ends in "-est". Possession= shows ownership or ends in "-s". Comparitive= ends in er.

Question 31

what is a "shortening"?

Answer 31

creating a new word by shortening an older one e.g. gym from gymnasium e.g. rizz from charisma

Question 32

What is " Compounding"?

Answer 32

joining two whole free morphemes together to create a new word e.g. holy + day = holiday

Question 33

What is "blending"?

Answer 33

oining parts of two free morphemes together to create a new word (can be one whole + one part OR two parts) e.g. chill + relax = chillax

Question 34

What is "backformation"?

Answer 34

removing an assumed affix to create a new word e.g. burgle from burglar

Question 35

What is " Conversion"?

Answer 35

creating a new word by using it as a new word class e.g. googling, here it is a noun not a verb.

Question 36

What is " initialism"?

Answer 36

creating a new word by taking the initials of a phrase you must pronounce each initial e.g. PTO / FML

Question 37

What is " acronym "?

Answer 37

creating a new word by taking the initials of a phrase you pronounce it as a single word e.g. FOMO

Question 38

What is "contraction "?

Answer 38

creating a word by joining two words together with an apostrophe to show the missing letter e.g. do + not = don’t

Question 39

What is "neologism"?

Answer 39

creating an entirely new word

Question 40

What is "borrowing"?

Answer 40

adopting a word from another language into English

Question 41

What is "commonisation "?

Answer 41

using a brand name as a common term to refer to an item e.g. 7-11 > petrol station e.g. biro > pen e.g. kleenex > tissue

Question 42

How to know if it is a " derivational" morpheme?

Answer 42

they change meaning.

Question 43

How to know if it is a " bound " morpheme?

Answer 43

can't stand alone

Question 44

How to know if it is a " free" morpheme?

Answer 44

can stand alone

Question 45

Are prefixes always derivational or inflectional?

Answer 45

they are always: -"Derivational"

Question 46

Formula for finding a noun pharse?

Answer 46

Formula = (det) (adv)* (adj)* N

Question 47

Formula for finding a verb pharse?

Answer 47

(mod) (aux)2 lex {can include adverbs at the end/after the lexical verb.}

Question 48

Prepositional phrase formula?

Answer 48

prep + NP

Question 49

Types of clauses

Answer 49

independent/main dependent/subordinate

Question 50

What is a subject?

Answer 50

the noun phrase that comes before the verb

Question 51

What is a direct object?

Answer 51

always comes after the verb

Question 52

What are the four aspects?

Answer 52

simple, perfect, progressive, perfect progressive

Question 53

Which morpheme indicates the progressive aspect?

Answer 53

-ing

Question 54

Which auxiliary verb indicates the perfect aspect?

Answer 54

to have

Question 55

Which modal verb indicates future tense?

Answer 55

will

Question 56

Past or present? Has

Answer 56

present

Question 57

Past or present? Had

Answer 57

past

Question 58

declarative sentence formula?

Answer 58

Subject, verb, (x)

Question 59

interrogative sentence formula?

Answer 59

inversion of subject + (aux) V

Question 60

imperitave sentence formula?

Answer 60

inversion of subject + (aux) V

Question 61

simple sentence

Answer 61

one VP

Question 62

compound sentence

Answer 62

joined by FANBOYS which are: for and nor but or yet so

Question 63

complex sentence

Answer 63

one main clause + two (or more) sub clauses

Question 64

steps to find sentence structure

Answer 64

find + highlight verb phrases find clause boundaries and how they are joined determine types of clauses label sentence structure

Question 65

types of voice

Answer 65

active passive agentless passive

Question 66

ellipsis

Answer 66

leaving words out of a sentence

Question 67

fragment

Answer 67

not a grammatically complete sentence

Question 68

a copular verb

Answer 68

the ‘thing’ on the other side of the verb) refer to the same entity

Question 69

an intransitive verb

Answer 69

takes no object

Question 70

a ditransitive verb

Answer 70

takes a direct AND indirect object

Question 71

a transitive verb

Answer 71

takes a direct object

Question 72

What is an indirect object?

Answer 72

often comes (or could come) after a preposition

Question 73

intonation

Answer 73

the pattern of changes in pitch

Question 74

tempo

Answer 74

the pace of someone’s utterance

Question 75

pitch

Answer 75

the high, medium or low sound of someone’s voice waves

Question 76

volume

Answer 76

how loudly or softly someone is speaking

Question 77

stress

Answer 77

this means the initial sound of the word is stressed

Question 78

onomatopoeia

Answer 78

using a word which imitates a sound e.g. buzz,bark,crash.

Question 79

consonance

Answer 79

repetition of a consonant SOUND (anywhere in the word) E.G. mIKe LIKes His new bIKe

Question 80

assonance

Answer 80

repetition of a vowel SOUND

Question 81

alliteration

Answer 81

repetition of an initial consonant SOUND

Question 82

What is patterning?

Answer 82

repetition, links

Question 83

substitution

Answer 83

swapping a sound for a different one (there are different types of this and it is not listed in the SD)

Question 84

insertion

Answer 84

adding in a sound to ease production e.g. filUm

Question 85

elision

Answer 85

removing a sound can be a vowel, consonant or whole syllable e.g. strawberry > strawbry

Question 86

vowel reduction

Answer 86

when an unstressed vowel is reduced to a schwa e.g. you > ya

Question 87

assimilation

Answer 87

when sounds change due to influence from neighbouring sounds e.g. handbag > hambag

Question 88

How write a section (A)

Answer 88

1. Find the mode and text type. 2. Read the back ground information. 3. notice the 5w+h. 4. make ttcrapftt notes. 5.anotate the section A question. 6.Write your responce.

Question 89

what is the dominant sentence type in Wikipedia/encyclopedia type text?

Answer 89

Declarative sentences.