English Flashcards
(147 cards)
1
Q
In what year did the Medieval period begin?
A
1066
2
Q
In what year did the Medieval period end?
A
1485
3
Q
What is the Medieval period also known as?
A
The Middle Ages
4
Q
Why is the Medieval period also known the Middle Ages?
A
Came between two cultural high points (The Roman Invasion & The English Renaissance)
5
Q
What French king claimed the English throne at the end of the Anglo-Saxon period?
A
William the Conqueror
6
Q
In what battle did the French army defeat the Anglo-Saxons?
A
The Battle of Hastings
7
Q
On what date was William the Conqueror crowned king of England?
A
December 25, 1066
8
Q
What was the strict Medieval class system called?
A
Feudalism
9
Q
In the Feudal system system, all land belonged to whom?
A
King
10
Q
In the Feudal system system, the King loaned some land to the Church and to whom?
A
Baron
11
Q
In the Feudal system system, the Barons then granted property to whom?
A
Vassal
12
Q
In the Feudal system system, the Vassals paid fees to the king and supplied him with what?
A
Knight
13
Q
In the Feudal system system, who worked the manors and were the lowest class?
A
Serf
14
Q
During the Crusades, the Christians tried to drive the “infidels” from what location?
A
The Holy Land
15
Q
What English king spent a great deal of England’s money on the Crusades?
A
Richard I
16
Q
In Medieval society, what were associations of merchants or craftsmen called?
A
Guilds
17
Q
Approximately what percentage of Europe’s population was killed by the Black Death?
A
One-third
18
Q
Where in Europe did the Black Death begin?
A
Sicily
19
Q
Approximately how many of England’s 5 million citizens were killed by the Black Death?
A
2 million
20
Q
What famous children’s song references the Black Death in its lyrics?
A
“Ring Around the Rosey”
21
Q
How did the Black Death mainly spread?
A
Fleas on rats
22
Q
What was the great land survey of 1086 called?
A
The Domesday Book
23
Q
Name two things The Domesday Book was commissioned to do.
A
1) Assess England’s resources
2) Assess the taxes that could be raised
24
Q
To what did the English people compare The Domesday Book?
A
The Last Judgment
25
What English king inherited England's debts and signed The Magna Carta?
King John
26
Name two things this King John promised by signing The Magna Carta.
1) Not to tax without first meeting with the Barons
| 2) To only choose officers who know that law and mean to observe it
27
The Magna Carta is believed to mark the beginning of what in England?
Constitutional government
28
What is a narrative?
Writing that relates a series of events
29
What is irony?
The contrast between expectation and reality
30
Name the four techniques of Characterization.
1) Description of appearance
2) Examples of speech, thoughts, or actions
3) Response to other characters
4) Narrator's comments
31
What became the preferred language of the aristocracy in England?
French
32
What language evolved out of Old English to become the language of the commoners?
Middle English
33
Name the three languages in the trilingual worlds of business and the professionals in England.
1) French
2) Latin
3) English
34
What was the official language of England in the Medieval period?
French
35
After three centuries, who was the first king of England whose mother tongue was English?
Henry IV
36
In what year did the English Renaissance begin?
1485
37
In what year did the English Renaissance end?
1660
38
What does the word "Renaissance" literally mean?
"Rebirth"
39
Where did the Renaissance originate?
Italy
40
What is a "Renaissance Man"?
A many-faceted person who cultivated his innate talents to the fullest
41
What war ended the Medieval Period?
The War of the Roses
42
Who was the first king of the English Renaissance?
Henry VII
43
What house did Henry VII belong to?
Lancaster (Tudor)
44
Who began and led the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
45
Who succeeded Henry VII to the throne?
Henry VIII
46
What church did Henry VIII begin?
The Church of England (Anglican)
47
What title did Henry VIII grant unto himself?
Head of the Church of England
48
Who was Henry VIII's first wife?
Catherine of Aragon
49
Who was Henry VIII's second wife?
Anne Boleyn
50
Who was Henry VIII's third wife?
Jane Seymour
51
Who was Henry VIII's fourth wife?
Anne of Cleves
52
Who was Henry VIII's fifth wife?
Kathryn Howard
53
Who was Henry VIII's sixth wife?
Katherine Parr
54
Who was Henry VIII's eldest son?
Edward VI
55
Who was Henry VIII's eldest daughter?
Mary
56
Who was Henry VIII's youngest daughter?
Elizabeth I
57
After Elizabeth I died, who became king?
James I
58
From what country did James I originate?
Scotland
59
What English king dismissed parliament and started the English Civil War?
Charles I
60
Who became leader of England after Charles I was beheaded?
Oliver Cromwell
61
What religion was Oliver Cromwell?
Puritan
62
What title did Oliver Cromwell have?
Lord Protector
63
Now that England was no longer a monarchy, what did England become?
Commonwealth
64
The return of what king re-established the monarchy and ended the Renaissance?
Charles II
65
The change of English vowels and sounds during this time is referred to as what?
The Great Vowel Shift
66
In what country did the sonnet originate?
Italy
| `
67
What does the word "sonnet" translate to in English?
"little song"
68
Define lyric poem
A short poem in which a single speaker expresses personal thoughts and feelings
69
Who are the three major sonnet poets?
Francesco Petrarch
Edmund Spenser
William Shakespeare
70
How many lines are in a sonnet?
14
71
What is the meter of a sonnet?
Iambic Pentameter
72
How many feet, or metrical units, are in Iambic Pentameter?
5
73
What is the pattern of syllables in Iambic Pentameter?
Unstressed, Stressed
74
What is the structure of a Petrarchan sonnet?
Octave
| Sestet
75
What are the two complete rhyme schemes of a Petrarchan sonnet?
abbaabba cdcdcd
| abbaabba cdecde
76
How is the subject matter of a Petrarchan sonnet organized?
Situation
| Resolution
77
What is the structure of a Spenserian sonnet?
Quatrain
Quatrain
Quatrain
Couplet
78
What is the rhyme scheme of a Spenserian sonnet?
abab bcbc cdcd ee
79
How is the subject matter of a Spenserian sonnet organized?
Main Idea or Question
| Summary or Answer
80
What is the structure of a Shakespearean sonnet?
Quatrain
Quatrain
Quatrain
Couplet
81
What is the rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet?
abab cdcd efef gg
82
How is the subject matter of a Shakespearean sonnet organized?
Situation
Exploration
Exploration (turn)
Resolution
83
In what year did the Anglo-Saxon period begin?
449
84
In what year did the Anglo-Saxon period end?
1066
85
What is the Anglo-Saxon period also known as?
The Dark Ages
86
Name the six early invaders of Britain in order.
1) Romans
2) Jutes
3) Angles
4) Saxons
5) Danes
6) Normans
87
What language evolved out of the invaders' different languages?
Old English
88
How many words do we believe were Old English?
25,000
89
What King of England "swore the throne to his French cousin"?
Edward the Confessor
90
What French king led the Norman Invasion of Britain?
William the Conqueror
91
What battle ended the Norman Conquest, and subsequently the Anglo-Saxon period?
The Battle of Hastings
92
On what exact date was William the Conqueror crowned King of England?
December 25th, 1066
93
What does the word wyrd mean in modern English?
Fate
94
Who is known as the first English religious poet?
Caedmon of Whitby
95
What King of England encouraged the English language rather than Latin?
Alfred the Great
96
What was a scop?
Professional poets
97
What is a stock epithet?
Compound adjectives
98
What is a kenning?
Descriptive phrase or compound word
99
Name the three criteria of the Heroic Tradition
1) Battle between good and evil
2) Superhuman feats of valor
3) Loyalty to one's king or leader
100
Explain the Elegiac Tradition.
Mourns the passing of earlier better times
101
What is the name of the first English history book?
A History of the English Church and People
102
Who wrote the first English history book?
The Venerable Bede
103
The responsibilities of the cook were to prepare meals and what?
Clean after meals
104
What made the Merchant bad at his job?
He was debt
105
What was the Host's main job?
Manager of the Tabard Inn
106
How old is the Squire?
20 years old
107
Where had the Wife of Bath traveled to three times?
Jerusalem
108
Who was the Plowman's brother?
The Parson
109
What does it mean that The Sergeant at Law was also a Justice of Assize?
He traveled around to hear cases
110
The Friar has a specific license to what?
Beg
111
The Franklin was a sheriff. In medieval times, what did the sheriff do?
Checked audits and entries
112
What was a Manciple in the middle ages?
The person in charge of purchasing and storing food for an institution
113
What did the Parson see his parishioners as?
His sheep (flock)
114
What did the Skipper have at the end of his cord around his necklace?
A dagger
115
What is the prize for the best story told?
A meal paid for by the group
116
What medal did the Yeoman wear on his chest?
Medal of St. Christopher
117
What was the Summoner's job in medieval times?
To summon sinners to the church
118
How did we know the cook wasn't worried about cleanliness?
He had an open ulcer on his knee
119
The Host had to be good at mathematics and what?
Money
120
What is a Squire?
Young man acting as an attendant to a knight
121
At what building did Monks in the middle ages work in?
A monastery
122
Instead of knowing Latin like a normal Nun would, what language did she know?
French
123
What kind of institution did Chaucer's Manciple work for?
A law school
124
What is a Miller?
Someone who owns a grain mill
125
What was the Yeoman's job?
Forester
126
Why was the Summoner bad at his job?
He took bribes
127
What was Chaucer's Reeve like?
He was a very mean old man
128
How did the Guildsmen act?
Like they were on a higher level of society than everyone else
129
What did the Pardoner say he had but was really a pillowcase.
The Virgin Mary's Veil
130
What was the Monk's favorite thing to do in his spare time?
To hunt
131
Why would the Sergeant at Law appear to be more busy than he actually was?
He was very lazy at his job
132
A nun is a ranking just below what?
Abbess
133
The Friar was what to those who didn't know him?
Intimidating
134
Our Franklin was called Epicurus' son. Why?
He lived for pleasure and joy
135
The Doctor carried around medicine and what?
Gold
136
What does the Miller steal?
Grain
137
Why were Merchants in the middle ages discriminated against?
They were outsiders
138
What was the Reeve responsible for?
The management of a village
139
What was Chaucer's opinion of the Guildsmen?
They were foolish
140
What were Pardoners originally called?
Questors
141
What was the medieval job of the Plowman?
To supply food
142
Parsons in the middle ages were exempt from what?
Paying taxes
143
What was inserted inside the beak of the mask worn by plague doctors?
Flowers
144
What did the skipper do when he fought enemies and won?
Made them walk the plank
145
What types of people would the Wife of Bath try to help?
The Heartbroken
146
What happens if a pilgrim refuses to tell a story on their journey?
They have to pay for everything bought on the trip
147
What does the Host plan to do on the pilgrimage?
Act as the storytelling judge
