English revolution key dates/time line

Question 1

What happened on the 27th March 1625?

Answer 1

Accession of King Charles

Question 2

What happened in 1625?

Answer 2

First Parliament

Question 3

What happened September 1625?

Answer 3

Cadiz expedition
- Sent an invasion fleet of ships to Spanish port of Cadiz - cost £120,000
- Humiliating fiasco, failed to capture the port - parliament furious and EXPENSIVE failure blamed on Buckingham

Question 4

What happened 1626?

Answer 4

second parliament

Question 5

What happened February 1626?

Answer 5

York House conference
- debate chaired by Buckingham (not v. religous)
- The conference was designed to pull Charles away from Anti0Calvanust religion (Armenians)
- Buckingham took a pro-Arminian stance to support Charles
- Charles did not change as he would not change his religous policies

Question 6

What happened November 1627?

Answer 6

5 knights case
- King ordered imprisonment of 76 gentry who refused to pay the sums of money requested by force loan
- 5/76 were trailed
- king used his own prerogative to imprison without trial

Question 7

What happened between 1627-28? (forgein)?

Answer 7

La Rochelle raids
- Buckingham launched a naval expedition to relieve the Huguenots (ENG vs FRA)
- Direct assault failed due to the English scaling ladders being too short
- EXPENSIVE defeat
- Charles spent all of this funding so had to recall parliament

Question 8

What happened March 1628?

Answer 8

3rd Parliament

Question 9

What happened August 1628?

Answer 9

Assassination of Buckingham
- Public celebrations broke out after this death
- Charles held parliament responsible
- Charles could reallocate patronage

Question 10

What happened March 1629?

Answer 10

3 resolutions
- Black rode came to dissolve parliament - not allowed to enter
- lead to Common protestation of 1629

Question 11

What happened 1629?

Answer 11

• Dissolution of 3rd parliament
• same day at 3 resolutions
• Charles realised he would not gain his tonnage and poundage so sent black rode to dissolve parliament
• beginning of personal rule (not recalled till April 1640)
• peace with France

Question 12

What happened November 1630?

Answer 12

• Treaty of Madrid

Question 13

What happened in 1631?

Answer 13

• New book of orders
• significant reform of local government
• popish soap monopoly agreed (Charles earned £33,000)

Question 14

What happened 1632?

Answer 14

• Death of sir John Eliot

Question 15

What happened 1633?

Answer 15

• Laud become Archbishop of Canterbury
• Reissue of book of sports
• Wentworth become lord deputy of Ireland

Question 16

What happened 1634?

Answer 16

• 39 articles introduced to Ireland
• Prynes Ears lopped

Question 17

What happened 1635?

Answer 17

• Ship money extended (raised £300,00pa (equivalent of 3 parliamentary subsidies)
• 90 % compliance

Question 18

What happened 1636?

Answer 18

• Bishop Juxton becomes Lord Treasure

Question 19

What happened 1637?

Answer 19

• July 1637 - prayer book introduced in Scotland
• Prayer book riots in Scotland
• Ship Money trial of John Hampden
• trial and punishment of puritan pamphleteers

Question 20

What happened February 1638?

Answer 20

• Scottish National Covenant established
• lead by presbyterian radicals
• declaration upholding Scots rights to their own faith but not against the king

Question 21

What happened 1638?

Answer 21

• Fenland riots in Norfolk

Question 22

What happened 1639?

Answer 22

• Recall of Wentworth
• Oath of Allegiance in York
• 1st Bishops war (reaction to the enforcement of the new prayer book)

Question 23

What happened in the first half of 1640?

Answer 23

Short Parliament (April - May)
- Due to the king not having enough money to fight the Scots, Wentworth wanted to recall parliament
- picking a clear outline of what he wanted to get it was dissolved 5th May with neither subsides granted nor grievance discussed
- Pacification of Berwick 18th June
- 2nd Bishops war started

Question 24

What happened in the second half of 1640?

Answer 24

Long Parliament (November)
- 2nd Bishops war came to an end with the Scots having York (September) and the Treaty of Ripon signed
- Events in Scotland caused the recall of parliament
- Treaty of Ripon stated that the king must recall parliament and he can not dissolve parliament until the Scots were paid off

Question 25

What happened 1641?

Answer 25

- Execution of Strafford - turning point in relations between King and Parliament - Ireland - full rebellion broke out - 7th December 16410 - militia bill removed the kings power to summon the militia - Grand remonstrance

Question 26

What happened in the Irish rebellion 1641?

Answer 26

- Strongly Catholic nation (caused anxiety for monarch) - reasons: + constitutional reform - Wentworth's recall to England recall to England created a power vacuum in Irish government. Long par started to put in a plan to enforce/strength anti-Catholic legislation -significance: +radicalisation of Long par due to the intensity of Catholicism

Question 27

What happened Grand remonstrance 1641?

Answer 27

- November, Pym introduced a document outlining his criticisms of Charles's rule including a long list of grievances over financial and religous matters

Question 28

What happened in 1642? (failed arrest)

Answer 28

- King thought he was strong enough to reinsert his royal authority - 4th Jan 1642 Charles assembled 500 soldiers and marched into Westminster (broke parliamentary privilege as he enter Commons) - Angered a lot of MPs - Charles failed to arrest the 5MPs

Question 29

What happened in 1642? (outbreak of civil war)

Answer 29

- Broke out due to political problems . Led to increasingly charged public demonstrations followed by rising armies - Early strengths of the royalist cause: + greater access to money, better equipped, earl of Worcester donated £300,000, greater access to tax revenues, better structure

Question 30

What happened 1643?

Answer 30

- The oxford treaty negotiations - failed attempt at negotiations whereby parliament stuck to its issues raised in the 19 proposition - allowed negations to carry on until march before killing the treaty - royalist agreement with the Irish confederates - Solemn league and Covenant

Question 31

What happened 1644?

Answer 31

- formation of the committee of both kingdoms - Battle of Marston Moor

Question 32

What happened 1645?

Answer 32

- Directory of Worship is issued - Formation of New Model Army - Battle of Naseby

Question 33

What happened 1646?

Answer 33

- Surrender of the king to the Scots - Newcastle Propositions - Westminster assembly issues its confession of faith

Question 34

What happened 1647?

Answer 34

Cornet Joyce seizes the king - Putney Debates - Engagement with the Scots

Question 35

What happened 1648?

Answer 35

- Vote of no Addresses - Siege of Colchester - Prides Purge

Question 36

What happened 1649?

Answer 36

- Trial and execution of Charles I - Formation of the council of state - Cromwell's invasion of Ireland

Question 37

What happened 1650?

Answer 37

- Treaty of Breda - Toleration Act - Battle of Dunbar

Question 38

What happened 1651?

Answer 38

- Scots invasion of England - Battle of Worcester

Question 39

What happened 1652?

Answer 39

- Petition of the Army officers

Question 40

What happened 1653?

Answer 40

- Dissolution of the Rump - Nominated Assembly - Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector

Question 41

What happened 1654?

Answer 41

- Union of England and Scotland - Western Design - 1st Protectorate Parliament

Question 42

What happened 1655?

Answer 42

- Penruddock's Uprising - Rule of the Major Generals - Jews allowed back into England

Question 43

What happened 1656?

Answer 43

- 2nd Protectorate Parliament - Trial of James Naylor

Question 44

What happened 1657?

Answer 44

- Humble petition and advice

Question 45

What happened 1658?

Answer 45

- Dissolution of the second protectorate parliament - death of Oliver Cromwell - Instillation of Richard Cromwell

Question 46

What happened 1659?

Answer 46

- 3rd Protectorate Parliament - Reinstatement of the Rump - Resignation of Richard Cromwell

Question 47

What happened 1660?

Answer 47

- Recall of the Long Parliament - Convention Parliament - Restoration of King Charles II