enlightenment

Question 1

What is the Enlightenment also known as?

Answer 1

Age of Reason

The Enlightenment emphasizes reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy.

Question 2

Who is known for the idea of natural rights?

Answer 2

Locke

John Locke proposed that individuals possess rights to life, liberty, and property.

Question 3

Which philosopher advocated for the separation of powers?

Answer 3

Montesquieu

Montesquieu’s work influenced the structure of modern democratic governments.

Question 4

Who is famous for his wit and criticism of the government and religion?

Answer 4

Voltaire

Voltaire’s advocacy for civil liberties and freedom of speech was significant during the Enlightenment.

Question 5

Which philosopher is associated with the social contract theory?

Answer 5

Hobbes

Hobbes believed that people surrender some freedoms to a strong authority to ensure peace and order.

Question 6

Who proposed that man is born free but everywhere is in chains?

Answer 6

Rousseau

Rousseau argued that societal structures constrain individual freedom.

Question 7

What major historical events were influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

Answer 7

Revolutions

The Enlightenment influenced various revolutions, including the American and French Revolutions.

Question 8

What foundational documents were shaped by Enlightenment thought?

Answer 8

U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence

These documents reflect principles such as individual rights and government by consent.