industrial revolution Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the main causes of the Industrial Revolution?
Factors include technological advancements, agricultural improvements, and population growth.
These factors led to increased production capabilities and a shift in labor dynamics.
What are the results of the Industrial Revolution?
Results include urbanization, changes in labor conditions, and the rise of industrial capitalism.
This transformation significantly altered social structures and economic practices.
What are characteristics of cities during the Industrial Revolution?
Cities experienced rapid population growth, overcrowding, and poor living conditions.
Such conditions often led to public health crises and social unrest.
What was the working class life like during the Industrial Revolution?
Life included long working hours, low wages, and hazardous working conditions.
Workers often lacked rights and faced exploitation.
What characterized middle class life during the Industrial Revolution?
Middle class life included increased wealth, home ownership, and emphasis on education and social status.
This class played a significant role in shaping societal values.
How is the Industrial Revolution connected to imperialism?
The need for raw materials and markets drove imperial expansion.
Industrial powers sought to control territories for resource extraction and economic gain.
What are the characteristics of capitalism?
Capitalism is characterized by private ownership, market competition, and profit motive.
This system promotes innovation and economic growth.
Who is Adam Smith?
Adam Smith is known as the father of modern economics and author of ‘The Wealth of Nations’.
He introduced concepts such as the invisible hand and free markets.
What is the theory of supply and demand?
The theory states that prices are determined by the relationship between supply and demand.
It explains how markets operate and allocate resources.
What is an assembly line?
An assembly line is a production method that breaks down complex tasks into simpler ones.
This innovation greatly increased efficiency and output in manufacturing.
Name some key inventions of the Industrial Revolution.
Key inventions include the steam engine, spinning jenny, and power loom.
These inventions revolutionized production processes and industries.
Who were Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?
They were philosophers and economists known for developing Marxist theory.
Their works critique capitalism and advocate for socialism.
Who is Thomas Edison?
Thomas Edison was an inventor known for the electric light bulb and phonograph.
He held over 1,000 patents and significantly influenced modern technology.
Who is Alexander Graham Bell?
Alexander Graham Bell was the inventor of the telephone.
His work in communication technology transformed personal and business interactions.
Who is Samuel Morse?
Samuel Morse was an inventor known for developing the telegraph and Morse code.
His inventions revolutionized long-distance communication.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
Louis Pasteur was a microbiologist known for his discoveries in vaccination and pasteurization.
His work greatly advanced public health and food safety.
Who is Alfred Nobel?
Alfred Nobel was an inventor known for inventing dynamite and establishing the Nobel Prizes.
His legacy includes significant contributions to science and humanitarian efforts.
Who is Henry Bessemer?
Henry Bessemer was an inventor known for developing the Bessemer process for steel production.
This process significantly lowered the cost of steel and improved its quality.
Who is Henry Ford?
Henry Ford was an industrialist known for revolutionizing automobile production with the assembly line.
He made cars affordable for the average American.
Who were the Wright Brothers?
The Wright Brothers were aviation pioneers known for inventing the first successful airplane.
Their work laid the foundation for modern aviation.
