ENT disease table

Question 1

name 3 benign tumours of nose

Answer 1

squamous papillomas
schneiderian papillomas
angiofibromas

Question 2

most common benign tumour of nose

Answer 2

squamous papillomas

Question 3

cause of schneiderian papillomas

Answer 3

HPV, smoking, organic solvents, welding, males

Question 4

name 5 malignant tumours of nose

Answer 4

squamous cell carcinoma
primary adenocarcinoma
nasopharyngeal carcinoma 
neuroblastoma 
lymphoma

Question 5

most common malignant tumour of nose

Answer 5

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 6

associations with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Answer 6

EBV

occupation - formaldehyde

Question 7

bacterial tonsilitis caused by

Answer 7

group A strep - strep pyogens

Question 8

high score in centor criteria =

Answer 8

bacterial more likely

Question 9

what is the feverPAIN criteria

Answer 9

• fever (in last 24 hours)
• pus on tonsils
• attend rapidy (within 3 days)
• severly inflammed tonsils
• no cough or coryza

Question 10

high feverPAIN score =

Answer 10

more likely to be bacteiar

Question 11

features of rheumatic fever

Answer 11

3 weeks post sore throat

fever, arthritis + pancarditis

Question 12

what causes scarlett fever

Answer 12

group A beta haemolytic streptocci exotoxins

Question 13

how to treat scarlet fever

Answer 13

penicllin

Question 14

how does EBV get into liver spleen and lymph nodes

Answer 14

• establishes a persistence infection in oropharyngeal B cells
• circulating B cells then spread infection to liver, spleen and peripheral lymph nodes

Question 15

is diptheria bacterial or viral

Answer 15

bacterial

Question 16

which types of HPV cause squamous papilloma of throat

Answer 16

6 + 11

benign

Question 17

what is papaganglioma of the throat associated with

Answer 17

MEN 2

Question 18

which bugs cause epiglottiis

Answer 18

mostly H influenza but also strep pneumoniae

Question 19

treatment of epiglottiis

Answer 19

secure airway

IV ceftriaxone

Question 20

is OM viral or bacterial

Answer 20

viral followed by bacterial infecition (H influenzae, strep pneumoniae, strep pyogens)

Question 21

treatment for OM

Answer 21

if not resolved in 4 days

amoxicillin

Question 22

which bug causes malignant otitis externa

Answer 22

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 23

symptoms of malignant otisis externa

Answer 23

facial palsy
granulation tissue at bone-cartialge junction of ear canal
- exposed bone in ear canal

Question 24

how to diagnose malignant otitis externa

Answer 24

PV / CRP to slow inflammationn

Question 25

how to treat malignant otiis externa

Answer 25

IV ciprofloaxin

Question 26

treament for otitis externa

Answer 26

``` topical aural toilet fungal = clotrimazole bacterial = gentamicin 0.3% drops ```

Question 27

what does the NF2 gene code for

Answer 27

merlin protein at Ch22q12

Question 28

should you give doxycyline in children?

Answer 28

no

Question 29

which infection causes thrombosis leading to death

Answer 29

cavernous sinus secondary to sinusitis

Question 30

what is the most common benign tumour of parotid

Answer 30

pleomorphic adenoma

Question 31

who gets pleomorphic adenoma

Answer 31

females 4-6th generation

Question 32

what is warthrins tumour

Answer 32

second most common benign tumour in parotid

Question 33

who gets warthrins tumours

Answer 33

males > 50 who smoke

Question 34

what is the most common malignant tumour in parotid

Answer 34

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Question 35

which parotid tumour can cause loss of function

Answer 35

adenoid cystic carcinoma

Question 36

vestibular neuritis vs larbyrnitis

Answer 36

just vestibulocochlear nerve | inflammation of whole labrnth