Entomology

Question 1

 Metamorphosis

Answer 1

Series of changes which an insect passes in its growth from egg to adult

Question 2

Insect head

Answer 2

Antennae and eyes, ocelli and three pairs of jaws (mandible, maxillae, labium)

Question 3

Insect thorax

Answer 3

3 segments each bearing a pair of legs, the second and third may also bear a pair of wings

Question 4

Insect abdomen

Answer 4

Usually has 11 segments

Question 5

Arachnid cephalothorax

Answer 5

No antennae, chelicerae and mouth parts do not have jaw, four pairs of legs

Question 6

Vector borne protozoa

Answer 6

Malaria, leishmania, trypanosomiasis

Question 7

Vector borne viruses

Answer 7

YF, Dengue

Question 8

Vevtor borne bacteria

Answer 8

Plague, typhus, relapsing fever

Question 9

Mechanical transmission

Answer 9

Trachoma on Musca sorbens, Shigella

Question 10

Malaria

Answer 10

Bite of Anopheles

Question 11

Lymphatic filariasis

Answer 11

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

Question 12

Diarrhoea disease

Answer 12

Faeces of houseflies’

Question 13

Trachoma

Answer 13

Musca sorbens - contact with eye secretions

Question 14

Dengue

Answer 14

Bite of Aedes

Question 15

Leishmania

Answer 15

Bite of Phlebotamine sandfly

Question 16

Onchocerciasis

Answer 16

Bite of Simulium black fly

Question 17

T brucei

Answer 17

Bite of Glossina tsetse fly

Question 18

T cruzi

Answer 18

Bite of Triatoma, Rhodnius, triatomine bug

Question 19

Rickettsia prowazeki

Answer 19

Bite of Pediculus humanus

Question 20

Plague

Answer 20

Bite of Xenopsylla rat flea

Question 21

Japanese encephalitis virus

Answer 21

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

Question 22

Yellow fever

Answer 22

Bite of Aedes and Haemagogus

Question 23

Relapsing fever (Borrelia duttoni & recurrentis

Answer 23

Transovarial or bite of Ornthodoros and P humanus

Question 24

Loa loa

Answer 24

Bite Chrysops deer fly

Question 25

Scrub typhus O tsutsugamushi

Answer 25

Transovarial or bite of Leptotrombidium chigger mite

Question 26

Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 26

Bite of Ixodes

Question 27

Tick borne encephalitis

Answer 27

Bite of Ixodes

Question 28

West Nile virus

Answer 28

Bite of Culex

Question 29

Zika virus

Answer 29

Bite of Aedes

Question 30

Anopheles Time of biting

Answer 30

Night, inside houses

Question 31

Aedes Time of biting

Answer 31

Day

Question 32

Tsetse and flies Control

Answer 32

Traps

Question 33

Mosquito larvae Control

Answer 33

Larval source management (LSM) - intermittent irrigation/flushing, chemical larvicides (Abate), treat with predatory copepods, reduce water (ie tyres and garbage, bacterial toxins (Bacillus), fish to eat larvae

Question 34

Culex larvae Control

Answer 34

Moving water, floating polystyrene beads in latrines

Question 35

Aedes Control

Answer 35

Wolbachia

Question 36

Anopheles Control

Answer 36

IRS indoor residual spray, LLIN long-lasting insecticidal nets

Question 37

Simulium Control

Answer 37

Aerial spraying of fast flowing water

Question 38

Mosquito Subfamily: Anophelinae

Answer 38

Anopheles

Question 39

Mosquito Subfamily: Culicinae

Answer 39

Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Haemagoggus (+Toxorhynchites)

Question 40

Anopheles Eggs

Answer 40

Cigar shaped, air-filled lateral floats

Question 41

Anopheles Larva

Answer 41

Lays parallel to water, no siphon creates feeding current with mouthbrushes

Question 42

Mosquito Life cycle

Answer 42

Egg -> larva -> purpae -> adult

Question 43

Culicine Eggs

Answer 43

Lack float

Question 44

Aedes Eggs

Answer 44

Black, laid singly on moist surface, can withstand dessication for months

Question 45

Culex Eggs

Answer 45

Brown, thin rafts

Question 46

Mansonia Eggs

Answer 46

Stick to underside of aquatic vegetation

Question 47

Culicine Larvae

Answer 47

Siphon, hang at angle to surface

Question 48

Mosquito Blood meal

Answer 48

Only the female takes a blood meal - protein for egg development

Question 49

Mosquito Pupae

Answer 49

Comma shaped, active, non-feeding - cannot distinguish anopheline from culicinae

Question 50

Mosquito Proboscis

Answer 50

Sheath that surroundes mouthpart stylets - pair of maxillae, mandibles, one hypopharyx and the labrum (food canal)

Question 51

Anopheles Travel distance

Answer 51

2-4km

Question 52

Anopheles Monitoring population

Answer 52

Ladle for larvae/pupae, human landing catches (unethical), light traps then blood meal identification with anti-human Ab, dissection and age-grading by ovaries