Environmental Science

Question 1

What is smog

Answer 1

Combination of two words smoke and fog
Used in 1900 to describe the combination of both
Consist of ozone molecules and along with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide

Question 2

Effects of smoke

Answer 2

Respiratory disease
Reduce photosynthesis
Environmental pollution
Vision problems
Eyes problems

Question 3

Ozone depletion

Answer 3

The reduction in the earth cover ozone layer due to anthropogenic activities is called ozone depletion ( epa)

Question 4

Gases involved in the thinning of ozone layer

Answer 4

Chloro fluro cfc

Question 5

Air pollution

Answer 5

The continmattion of air due to realeze of harmful substances ( Merriam Webster)

Question 6

Causes of air pollution

Answer 6

Anthropogenic activities ( industries, green house gases, vehicles) natural causes Volcanic eruption, wildfire

Question 7

Causes of air pollution

Answer 7

Anthropogenic activities ( industries, green house gases, vehicles) natural causes Volcanic eruption, wildfire

Question 8

Prevention measures

Answer 8

Green transport, rewnable energy,

Question 9

Water pollution

Answer 9

Addition of unwanted harmful substances into the water bodies usually due to man-made activities ( Merriam Webster))

Question 10

Types of water pollution

Answer 10

Surface and unground water pollution

Question 11

Causes of water pollution

Answer 11

Anthropogenic ( industrial waste, drainage system, waste dumping.
Natural ( growth of pathogens

Question 12

Solutions

Answer 12

Proper disposal of waste, management of industrial waste, drainage system and use of chemicals to kill pathogens

Question 13

Land pollution

Answer 13

The degradation of earth surface often caused by human activities is called land pollution. Oxford dictionary

Question 14

Causes

Answer 14

Grabbage,mining, factories, urbanisation,

Question 15

Effects of land pollution

Answer 15

Health hazard, reduction in agriculture, economic loss. Loss of biodiversity, mass migration

Question 16

Solutions

Answer 16

Effective use of land, avoid excessive use of natural resources, avoid mining, proper maintenance of solid waste.

Question 17

Solid waste management

Answer 17

The process of collecting, treating, disposing of solid material collection of theme is called solid waste management ( Oxford dictionary).

Question 18

Process of solid waste management

Answer 18

Collection, transportation,segeration, disposal

Question 19

Natural disasters ( tsunami)

Answer 19

The series of extremely long waves, seismic,or tidal wave. It is a catastrophic ocean wave caused by submrine , earthquake or Under water nuclear explosion. ( Britannica encyclopaedia)

Question 20

Characteristic of tusanami

Answer 20

Long wavelength, point of origin aand and spread across the sea , small aptitude, most disasterous disaster.

Question 21

Effects

Answer 21

Loss of economy, threat to man-made Infrastructure

Question 22

Prevention,

Answer 22

Building wall like Japan . Advance forecast measures

Question 23

Earthquake

Answer 23

The sudden release of energy from Earth’s crust results in seismic waves.( Collins dictionary)

Question 24

Causes

Answer 24

Sudden movement of tactonic plates

Question 25

Effects

Answer 25

Outbreak of fire, loss of life, threat to man-made Infrastructure. Economic loss

Question 26

Measures

Answer 26

Earthquake resistant building, (Japan)effective role of national disaster management authority.

Question 27

Volcanic eruption

Answer 27

The sudden outbreak of fire from mountains.

Question 28

Causes

Answer 28

Population movement, tectonic plates movement

Question 29

Causes

Answer 29

Population movement, tectonic plates movement

Question 30

Effects

Answer 30

Loss of biodiversity, air pollution, Loss of man made infrastructure

Question 31

Wild Fire

Answer 31

An uncontrolled fire wiping out fields. usually happened in country side or Wild area typically that started accidentally Oxford dictionary

Question 32

Causes

Answer 32

Deforestation, dry weather, campfires, smoking

Question 33

Effects

Answer 33

Air pollution, loss of biodiversity, economic loss, infrastructure loss,soil erosion.

Question 34

Control measures

Answer 34

Fire lines, use remote sensing, awarness, early actions

Question 35

Urban fire

Answer 35

A fire that occurred in urban areas typically involving building, structures or other man-made Infrastructure. Merriam Webster

Question 36

Causes

Answer 36

Cooking equipment, heating equipment, candles electric

Question 37

Avalanche

Answer 37

The sudden great mass of snow or rock rushing down the side of the mountains. Collins dictionary

Question 38

Types of avalanche

Answer 38

Loose ( small amount of snow on surface , slab ( when snow slides down a slope. Fromed from wind and snow. Refered as wind slab

Question 39

Effects

Answer 39

Loss of infrastructure, loss of funa flora, impact tourism.

Question 40

Drought

Answer 40

Deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time. ( national draught mitigation centre)

Question 41

Causes

Answer 41

Deforestation, global warming , dry weather, mismanagement of resources

Question 42

Impacts

Answer 42

Economic loss, migration, biodiversity loss, water crisis, malnutrition

Question 43

Solutions

Answer 43

Small dams, water management, deforestation, avoid water pollution, reuse, recycle, reduce and desalination of sea water

Question 44

Tropical cyclone

Answer 44

The orginzed system of wind thunder storms over a tropical area is called tropical cyclone ( Merriam Webster)

Question 45

Tornado

Answer 45

It is violently rotating column of air that extends between the Earth's surface and a cloud.

Question 46

Effects

Answer 46

Loss of infrastructure,,,, agricultural, human life

Question 47

Ceramics

Answer 47

Inorganic, non metallic solid made up of clay through heating

Question 48

Properties

Answer 48

Hard, used in building, military strategy, durable. Strong

Question 49

Plastics

Answer 49

Made up of large organic molecules. Light in weight, multiple colours, elastic in nature. Non magnetic in nature, durable.

Question 50

Antibiotics

Answer 50

Naturally occurring semi synthetic and synthetic type of Agent that destroys the growth of organisms. Bacteriostatic Fungus.

Question 51

Fertilizer

Answer 51

It is an inorganic material of natural synthetic orgin that is added to increase the productivity of soil.

Question 52

Macro nutrients

Answer 52

They require in large quantity

Question 53

Micro nutrients

Answer 53

Required in small amount

Question 54

Hazards of fertilizers

Answer 54

Nutrients pollution, soil activity, ground water pollution

Question 55

Pesticides

Answer 55

Chemical used to kill harmful insects, small animals. ( Cambridge dictionary)

Question 56

Vaccines

Answer 56

A prepartition containing dead or weakened from of the bacteria or virus used to prevent from diseases