Environmental Stuff - Hertz

Question 1

What is the name of chemical that enter the body and can be eliminated or accumulate in fat, brian or tissues?

Answer 1

Xenobiotic

Question 2

What catalyzes a reaction to detoxify or convert xenobiotics to active compounds?

Answer 2

P450 system

Question 3

explain LD50

Answer 3

the amount of a drug needed for half subjects to die and half live

Question 4

What type of drug is more toxic?

Answer 4

lipophilic

Question 5

At what size are particles most harmful? Where do they end up?

Answer 5

10 micrometers, alveoli

Question 6

Pt presents with cherry red skin

Answer 6

CO poisoning

Question 7

What type of arthropod borne illness causes hemolysis

Answer 7

malaria specifically Plasmodium falciparum

Question 8

What is the biggest cause of global warming?

Answer 8

loss of ozone

Question 9

What acts by crippling ox phos?

Answer 9

Arsenic (Kill the king, like CN)

Question 10

What interferes with normal remodeling of cartilage primarily in the epiphyses in kids

Answer 10

Lead

Question 11

What causes a pt to be mad as a hatter?

Answer 11

Mercury

Question 12

What binds to sulfhydryl groups

Answer 12

Lead and Mercury

Question 13

What enzymes are inhibited by lead

Answer 13

alpha aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase

Question 14

What is the action of ferrochelatase? What abnormalities does its inhibition cause

Answer 14

catalyzes incoporation of Fe into protoporphyrin

micorcytic hypochromic anemia

Question 15

What is coarse basophilic stippling on peripheral blood smear associated with?

Answer 15

lead poisoning

Question 16

What toxicity is associated with GI, nervous system, skin, and heart problems?

Answer 16

Arsenic

Question 17

What toxicity is associated with lung problems?

Answer 17

Cadmium

Question 18

Pt has neurologic effects w/sensorimotor neuropathy starting 2-8wks s/p exposure to what?

Answer 18

Arsenic

Question 19

What interferes with calcium metabolism?

Answer 19

Lead

Question 20

What toxicity is associated with increased risk of cancer?

Answer 20

Arsenic

Question 21

Chronic exposure leads to hyperpigmentation of palms and soles

Answer 21

Arsenic

Question 22

What type of fish has more mercury in it?

Answer 22

The bigger one

Question 23

What is associated with hematologic, skeletal, neuro, GI , and renal toxicities?

Answer 23

Lead

Question 24

increased bone density on radiodense is called what?

Answer 24

Lead lines

Question 25

microcytic hypochromic anemia is due to what?

Answer 25

suppression of hemoglobin synthesis

Question 26

hyperpigmentation of gums is call what

Answer 26

lead lines

Question 27

Kid presents with CNS problems, mental retardation, and behavhioral problems

Answer 27

lead poisoning

Question 28

adult presents with neuropathy, wrist and foot drop?

Answer 28

lead poisoning

Question 29

coarse basophilic stippling associated with what toxicity?

Answer 29

lead

Question 30

When you think of lead?

Answer 30

In kid - CNS | Adult - demyelinating neuropathy

Question 31

When you think mercury

Answer 31

CNS

Question 32

When you think arsenic

Answer 32

skin

Question 33

When you think cadmium

Answer 33

lung bc its a vapor

Question 34

Minamata disease d/t

Answer 34

Mercury exposure in utero, causes cerebral palsy, deafness, and blindness

Question 35

assocaited with dry cleaning

Answer 35

CCl4, organic solvents

Question 36

found in soot, chimney sweep scrotal cancer

Answer 36

polycyclic hydrocarbons

Question 37

people on farms spraying pesticides

Answer 37

organochlorines

Question 38

poison turn skin blue

Answer 38

dioxins and PCBs

Question 39

causes angiosarcoma of liver

Answer 39

vinyl chloride

Question 40

found in plastic water bottles

Answer 40

bisphenol A (BPA)

Question 41

risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

Answer 41

smoking

Question 42

Warfarin interferes with what clotting factors?

Answer 42

II, VII, IX, and X

Question 43

Pt on oral contraceptives that gets a DVT has ____ until proven otherwise

Answer 43

Factor V Leiden deficiency

Question 44

anabolic steroids give you what cancer?

Answer 44

CNS lymphomas; worse with AIDS

Question 45

Pt presents with central hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver due to

Answer 45

large dose of acetominophen

Question 46

what symptoms is assoicated with an overdose of aspirin

Answer 46

Tinnitus

Question 47

With aspirin overdose first you get _____ then ______ and it kills your _____

Answer 47

alkolitic; acidotic; kidneys

Question 48

When you think of cocaine, think ____

Answer 48

heart

Question 49

Young person with heart attack, agitation, hyperpyrexia

Answer 49

Cocaine

Question 50

Heart attack with cocaine use d/t

Answer 50

vasospasm of coronary vessels

Question 51

Use of what causes fetal hypoxia and spontaneous abortion

Answer 51

cocaine

Question 52

Mechanism of action of cocaine

Answer 52

blocks re uptake of dopamine and NE

Question 53

Opiates use can cause

Answer 53

amyloidosis, talc granulomas, lymphangitis, asystole, HIV, staph aureus

Question 54

pt has bad teeth

Answer 54

meth mouth

Question 55

trophic changes in brain d/t use of what

Answer 55

marijuana

Question 56

what is the least painful burn

Answer 56

3rd degree, all the way through nerves and subQ

Question 57

Malignant hyperthermia assiociated with what receptor

Answer 57

ryanodine

Question 58

Ionizing radiation damages tissues in what order

Answer 58

Gonads then blood (WBC, platelets, RBC), GI, brain is LAST

Question 59

muscle wasting d/t inadequate calories

Answer 59

marasmus

Question 60

big tummy d/t protein defect

Answer 60

Kwashiokor

Question 61

shuts down cell and starts eating self; associated with what

Answer 61

autophagy; cancers

Question 62

What vitamins are fat soluble

Answer 62

Vit, A, D, E, K

Question 63

Where does liver store vit A

Answer 63

Ito cells

Question 64

when low in vit A you get what type of cell change

Answer 64

squamous metaplasia

Question 65

Bitot spot in eye associated with

Answer 65

vit A deficiency

Question 66

What is the order of vit D metabolism

Answer 66

sunshine, liver, kidney

Question 67

what disease are associated with Vit D deficiency

Answer 67

Rickets - kids | Osteomalacia - adults

Question 68

Pt with bleeding gums d/t

Answer 68

vit C deficiency - scurvy

Question 69

what vit is required for tissue maintance and wound healing

Answer 69

vit C

Question 70

aphlotoxin from aspergillus associated with what cancer

Answer 70

hepatocellular carcinomas

Question 71

Pt with large nodules at the border of rib and costochondral cartilage

Answer 71

Ricketic rosary; vit D deficiency