Pediatric Exam - Dow

Question 1

What are newborns given shortly after delivery?

Answer 1

erythromycin ointment in eyes to prevent infection
Vitamin K injection to prevent bleeding
Full bath

Question 2

What are newborns given prior to discharge?

Answer 2

First hepatitis B immunization

Hearing screening

Question 3

What is always considered an emergency in a neonate?

Answer 3

Fever (rectal temp over 100.4)

Question 4

What MUST you be in a pediatric PE?

Answer 4

Flexible; do heart and lungs first before child is upset

Question 5

What is obstipation?

Answer 5

infrequent poops but they are soft.

Question 6

What are the 3Cs of a neonate?

Answer 6

constipation, colic, congestion (small nasal passages)

Question 7

early fusing of the sutures

Answer 7

craniosynostosis

Question 8

Which fontanelle closes first?

Answer 8

Posterior (1-2months)

Question 9

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 9

12-18 months

Question 10

What normal deformity of neonate head crosses suture lines?

Answer 10

caput succedaneum

Question 11

what swelling of the neonate’s head does not cross suture lines

Answer 11

cephalohematoma

Question 12

seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 12

cradle cap

Question 13

alopecia areata

Answer 13

autoimmune loss of hair

Question 14

tinea capitis

Answer 14

fungal infection of the head

Question 15

furry, white lining the ear with small black specks

Answer 15

Aspergillus infection in the ear

Question 16

yellow discharge possibly with foul odor of the ear

Answer 16

pseudomonas

Question 17

otitis externa d/t

Answer 17

aspergillus, pseudomonas

Question 18

otitis interna d/t

Answer 18

viral or bacterioal (S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis)

Question 19

Why are children predisposed to otitis media?

Answer 19

Children have wider shorter Eustachian tubes compared to adults

Question 20

tympanosclerosis

Answer 20

hard, dense, sclerotic tissue on eardrum, may be associated with decreased hearing.

Question 21

nose with pale boggy mucosa

Answer 21

allergic rhinitis

Question 22

Epstein pearls

Answer 22

mucous cysts on hard palate of infants

Question 23

What does HEADS stand for?

Answer 23

Home
education
eating
activities
drugs
safety 
sex
suicidal/mental status

Question 24

Vaccines recommended from birth to 6 months

Answer 24

RV (rotavirus), DTaP (diptheria, tetnus, pertusis), Hib (H flu B), PCV (pneumococcal), IPV (polio)

Question 25

neonate vital signs

Answer 25

R: 40-60 breaths per minute P: 120-160 bpm

Question 26

What is a positive Galeazzi sign?

Answer 26

When knees flexed to 90 degrees 1 is shorter than the other

Question 27

what is Ortolani testing for?

Answer 27

posterior dislocation of the hip

Question 28

What is Barlow testing for?

Answer 28

ability to sublux or dislocate intact but unstable hip

Question 29

Palmar grasp reflex

Answer 29

place finger in hand and press against palmar surface -> grasp finger

Question 30

Plantar grasp reflex

Answer 30

touch sole at base toes -> toes curl

Question 31

Moro (startle reflex)

Answer 31

hold supine, support head, back, legs; abruptly lower 2 feet --> arms abduct & extend, hands open & legs flex

Question 32

Rooting

Answer 32

stroke perioral skin at corner mouth -> mouth opens and turns head toward side stimulated

Question 33

At what age does an infant social smile and coo?

Answer 33

2 months | imitates sounds 3-6 mo

Question 34

At what age does an infant have no head lag with pulling infant to sitting position

Answer 34

4 months

Question 35

At what age does the pincer grasp develop and what do you need to watch for?

Answer 35

8-9 months; anticipatory guidance about choking hazards at 6 mo check up. Keep small objects away from infant

Question 36

What are the speech milestones?

Answer 36

Age 2: two word sentences Age 3: speech is 3/4 understandable to a stranger Age 4: 100% understandable to all

Question 37

Baby with diaper rash with red satellite lesions has

Answer 37

candida

Question 38

honey crusted lesions

Answer 38

impetigo

Question 39

red, crusting, dried pus or discharge, or oozing patches

Answer 39

impetigo

Question 40

imetigo is d/t

Answer 40

staph infections