Enzymatic substrate selectivity

Question 1

What are cofactors?

Answer 1

inorganic ions
, such as Fe2+, Mg2+,
Mn2+, or Zn2+, or a
complex organic or
metalloorganic molecule (
coenzyme), required
by enzymes to function (catalytic activity)

Question 2

What are coenzymes and where are they derived from?

Answer 2

transient carriers of specific functional
groups
- Most are derived from VITAMINS, organic
nutrients required in small amounts in the diet

Question 3

What are prosthetic groups?

Answer 3

A coenzyme or metal ion that is very tightly or covalently bound to the enzyme protein

Question 4

a
complete, catalytically
active enzyme together
with its bound
prosthetic group

Answer 4

haloenzyme

Question 5

What is the protein
part of the holoenzyme
called?

Answer 5

Apoenzyme or apoprotein

Question 6

Transfer of electrons (hydride ions or H atoms) - what type of enzyme?

Answer 6

Oxireducatases

Question 7

Group transfer reactions (what type of enzyme)

Answer 7

Transferases

Question 8

Enzymes used in hydrolysis reactions (transfer of functional groups to water)

Answer 8

Hydrolases

Question 9

Enzymes that can cause addition of groups to double bonds, or formation of double bonds by removal of groups

Answer 9

Lysases

Question 10

Transfer of groups withing molecules to yielfd isomeric forms

Answer 10

Isomerases

Question 11

Formation of C-C, C-S, C-O, and C-N bonds by condensation reactions coupled to cleavage of ATP or similar cofactors

Answer 11

Ligases