Enzymes Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are enzymes
Biological catalysts that lower the activation energy for reactions
What protein levels are enzymes ?
Tertiary
What do enzymes do?
- lower the activation energy
- therefore the rate of reaction increases
- form enzyme substrate complexes
What does enzyme specificity mean?
Enzymes have a specific tertiary structure
What is the induced fit model?
When a substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme it’s flexible and changes shape and becomes complementary, forming an enzyme substrate complex
How does substrate concentration affect the rate of enzyme action?
Increasing the substrate increases enzyme action until the reaction reaches a constant maximum
What’s the effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme action?
It will increase the rate of reaction to a point until the substrate concentration becomes the limiting factor
What’s the effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme action
It increases it to a point as it raises the kinetic energy however at point the enzyme would denature
What’s the effect of pH on the rate of enzyme action
It increases it to the optimum condition then it decreases as the enzyme may denature
What are the two types of enzyme inhibitors
-competitive inhibitors
-non-competitive inhibitors
How does a competitive inhibitor work?
-it’s a similar structure to the substrate.
-competes with the substrate for the active site.
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Can competitive inhibitors be overcome?
Yes, but increasing substrate concentration
How does a non-competitive inhibitor work?
-not similar structure to the substrate for
-combined with the enzyme at place other than the active site and changes the tertiary structure of
- the substrate can not attach to the now altered active site. M
Can a non competitive inhibitor be overcome by substrate concentration?
No, that active site has been altered
