Enzymes

Question 1

What´s metabolism?

Answer 1

Metabolism isthe sum up of cemicals reactions that take place within an organism.

Question 2

What are the souces of energy?

Answer 2

They are SOLAR energy and CELLULAR energy

Question 3

What is the SOLAR energy?

Answer 3

It´s the energy that comes from the sun. It is the primary source of energy of all living things. It is trapped by plants during Photosynthesis.

Question 4

What is CELLULAR energy?

Answer 4

It´s the energy that comes from the cells. It is stored in the bonds of biomolecules.It´s released during reactions in the cell. E.G: Respiration

Question 5

What are Enzymes?

Answer 5

Enzymes are catalyst made of protein, Enzymes are proteins that speed up a reaction without being used in the reaction. They are folded into irregular shapes.

Question 6

What is a Catalyst?

Answer 6

A Catalyst is substance that SPEEDS UP a reaction, WITHOUT ITSELF BEING USED in the reaction.

Question 7

What are the features of enzymes?

Answer 7

The substrate and the product

Question 8

What´s the substrate?

Answer 8

The substrate is the substance which an enzyme reacts on

Question 9

What´s the product?

Answer 9

The product is the substrate the enzyme forms

Question 10

What are the 2 types of enzymes?

Answer 10

Catabolic and Anabolic enzymes

Question 11

What are Catabolic enzymes?

Answer 11

They are enzymes that break down a substrate into simpler parts. E.G: Amylase

Question 12

How does Amylase act?

Answer 12

Amylase is produced by the salivary glands in the mouth and by the páncreas. It converts Starch into Maltose

Question 13

What are Anabolic enzymes?

Answer 13

They are enzymes that convert simpler molecules into a more complex form. E.G: DNA Polymerase & Photosynthesis enzymes.

Question 14

How does DNA Polymerase act?

Answer 14

It´s found in plants and animals. It´s used in genetic engineering to join 2 pieces of DNA together.

Question 15

Why do enzymes work?

Answer 15

Because they´ve the correct shape to fit the substrate.

Question 16

Enzyme + Substrate?

Answer 16

Enzyme-substrate complex

Question 17

What´s the Active Site of an enzyme?

Answer 17

Is the part of the enzymes that combines with the substrate.

Question 18

What is an example of a Carbohydrate-digestion enzyme in humans?

Answer 18

Amylase. It acts in the mouth and the duodenum

Question 19

What is the Optimum pH?

Answer 19

Is the pH at which the enzyme will work best. pH 7.

Question 20

What is the Optimum temperature in humans?

Answer 20

37 Cº

Question 21

To which group of molecules enzyes belong to?

Answer 21

Proteins

Question 22

What´s a denatured enzyme?

Answer 22

An enzyme that has lost its shape and cannot longer function.

Question 23

What´s the Optimum temperature in plants?

Answer 23

Around 30 Cº

Question 24

What´s the Optimum temperature?

Answer 24

Is the temperature at which the enzyme works best.

Question 25

What´s the Optimum pH of Pepsin?

Answer 25

pH 1 to 2.

Question 26

What are the factors that influence the activity of enzymes?

Answer 26

Temperature and pH.

Question 27

What do you use to investigate THE EFFECT OF PH ON ENZYME ACTION?

Answer 27

Test tuve, Water bath, and a Graduated cylinder.

Question 28

What does the Graduated cylinder have in THE EFFECT OF PH ON ENZYME ACTION experiment?

Answer 28

9 pH buffer solution, washing-up liquid and Catalase (Enzyme)

Question 29

What does the Water bath contain? (pH experment)

Answer 29

Water at 25 Cº

Question 30

What does the test tuve contain? (pH experiment)

Answer 30

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 31

How do you varied the pH?

Answer 31

Using different buffer solutions

Question 32

What is a bioreactor?

Answer 32

is the vessel in which living organisms are used to make a product or carry out a reaction.

Question 33

What are the advantages of using an immobilised enzyme?

Answer 33

• Can be easily recovered from the product
• Can be reused, this cuts costs.
• They became more stable

Question 34

What´s the point in immobilising enzymes?

Answer 34

-If enzymes can be used freely disolved in a vessel it can be very wasteful as they are lost at the end of the process.
(To prevent this problem enzymes are often immobilised or fixed)

Question 35

How to immobilised enzymes?

Answer 35

Enzymes are physically attached to glass beads or ceramice. They are trapped by a gel, sodium alginate is commonly used, this allows substrates in and products out.

Question 36

What´s Bio-procesing?

Answer 36

is the use of enzymes controlled reactions to produce a product.

Question 37

What´s a use of immobilised enzyme?

Answer 37

Lactase. Converts Lactose into glucose & galactose which are them used by food manufactures.