Enzymes and Digestion

Question 1

why are starch, proteins and fats broken down during digestion?

Answer 1

so they cam be easily absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 2

what enzyme is starch broken down by?

Answer 2

amylase (a type of carbohydrase)

Question 3

what is starch broken down into?

Answer 3

sugars like glucose, maltose and dextrins

Question 4

where is amylase made?

Answer 4

•The salivary glands
•The pancreas
•The small intestine

Question 5

what enzyme are proteins broken down by?

Answer 5

protease

Question 6

what are proteins broken down into?

Answer 6

amino acids

Question 7

where is protease made?

Answer 7

•the stomach (it is called pepsin there)
•the pancreas
•the small intestine

Question 8

what are lipids?

Answer 8

fats and oils

Question 9

what enzyme are lipids broken down by?

Answer 9

lipase

Question 10

what are lipids broken down into?

Answer 10

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 11

where is lipase made?

Answer 11

•The pancreas
•The small intestine

Question 12

what happens with the products of digestion?

Answer 12

•they can be used to make new carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
•glucose can be used in respiration

Question 13

where is bile produced?

Answer 13

in the liver

Question 14

where is bile stored?

Answer 14

the gall bladder before it is released into the small intestine

Question 15

what is the role of bile?

Answer 15

•it neutralises acid in the stomach and makes the conditions more alkaline as enzymes in the small intestine work best in alkaline conditions (the pH in the stomach is too acidic for them to work well)
•it emulsifies fats (breaks fat down into tiny droplets) to leave a much bigger surface area for lipase to work on- this speeds up digestion

Question 16

identify the organ:

Answer 16

Question 17

identify the organ:

Answer 17

Question 18

identify the organ:

Answer 18

Question 19

identify the organ:

Answer 19

Question 20

identify the organ:

Answer 20

Question 21

identify the organ:

Answer 21

Question 22

identify the organ:

Answer 22

Question 23

identify the organ:

Answer 23

Question 24

what is the role of the salivary gland in digestion?

Answer 24

these produce the amylase enzyme in the saliva

Question 25

what is the role of the stomach in digestion?

Answer 25

•it pummels the food with its muscular walls
•it produces the protease enzyme (pepsin)
•it produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and to give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work

Question 26

what is the role of the liver in digestion?

Answer 26

it is where bile is produced

Question 27

what is the role of the gall bladder
in digestion?

Answer 27

it is where bile is stored before it is released into the small intestine

Question 28

what is the role of the large intestine in digestion?

Answer 28

it is where excess water is absorbed from food leaving faeces

Question 29

what is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

Answer 29

it produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes before releasing them into the small intestine

Question 30

what is the role of the small intestine in digestion?

Answer 30

•it produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes to complete digestion
•it is where digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system and into the blood

Question 31

what is the role of the rectum in digestion?

Answer 31

it is where faeces are made (made up of indigestible foods) are stored before they pass through the anus

Question 32

where in the digestive system does digestion take place?

Answer 32

•mouth
•stomach
•small intestine

Question 33

what organ produces digestive juices?

Answer 33

glands e.g. pancreas, salivary gland