ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Question 1

T or F:

Some tissues of the body contain higher concentrations of a certain enzyme than other tissues

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Molecular weight of Amylase

Answer 2

50,000-55,000

Question 3

Major tissue sources of amylase

Answer 3

Pancreas, salivary glands

Question 4

Amylase increases after ___ hrs after an attack

Answer 4

5-8

Question 5

Methods in amylase determination

Answer 5

Amyloclastic
Saccharogenic
Chromogenic
Continuous monitoring

Question 6

what is the predominant P-type in acute pancreatitis

Answer 6

P3

Question 7

T or F:

Chromogenic is the reference method expressed in somogyi units

Answer 7

False; Saccharogenic

Question 8

In amylase isoenzymes, what migrates more quickly than the other

Answer 8

Salivary isoenzymes

Question 9

T or F:

In amylase determination, only citrate and oxalate are the anticoagulants that can’t be used

Answer 9

False; also EDTA

Question 10

What is the reference range of AMS in serum

Answer 10

28-100 U/L

Question 11

T or F:

Lipase is a hydrolase enzyme

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T or F:

Higher PSA = Higher chances of having prostate cancer

Answer 12

True

Question 13

The most commonly used substrate for ACP assays

Answer 13

p-nitrophenyl-phosphate

Question 14

How can hemolysis interrupt LPS analysis

Answer 14

Hemoglobin inhibits the activity of lipase causing falsely low values

Question 15

Promotes the hydrolysis of orthophosphate esters

Answer 15

ACP

Question 16

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of esters which contain choline

Answer 16

CHOLINEsterase

Question 17

Forms of cholinesterase

Answer 17

Pseudocholinesterase
True cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase)

Question 18

form of cholinesterase found in rbc

Answer 18

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 19

How is cholinesterase significant in diagnosing possible pesticide exposure

Answer 19

acetylcholinesterase activity will be blocked in pesticide exposure w/c will lead to impairment of nerve transmission

Question 20

what pathway provides RBC with NADPH

Answer 20

pentose phosphate pathway/ Hexose monophosphate shunt

Question 21

most common enzyme deficiency in humans which is inherited as a x-linked recessive disorder

Answer 21

G6PD deficiency

Question 22

T or F:

In AST, transfer of an amino group from aspartate to a- ketoglutarate will form glutamate and pyruvate

Answer 22

False; glutamate and oxaloacetate

Question 23

what is the required activator for ALP

Answer 23

Mg

Question 24

What are the carcinoplacental isoenzymes

Answer 24

Regan isoenzyme

Nagao isoenzyme

Question 25

In ALP isoenzymes, the most heat stable is the ___

Answer 25

Placental isoenzyme

Question 26

In heat stability, the sample is incubated at ____

Answer 26

56C

Question 27

Methods in ALP which uses phenyl phosphate as substrate

Answer 27

King and Armstrong method

Question 28

T or F: ALP is 6 times more concentrated in serum than in RBC

Answer 28

False; RBC than serum

Question 29

Reference range for ALP in males

Answer 29

53-128 U/L

Question 30

How is GGT unique than other enzymes

Answer 30

GGT is found on the outside surface of the cell membrane

Question 31

In Szasz assay, Absorbance on p-nitroaniline is measured at ____

Answer 31

405-420nm

Question 32

what anticoagulant produces turbidity in GGT samples

Answer 32

Heparin

Question 33

Associated with ATP regeneration in contractile or transport systems

Answer 33

CK

Question 34

Macro-CK is composed largely of

Answer 34

CK-BB complexed with IgG/IgA

Question 35

In AMI, CK is used in conjuction with ____

Answer 35

LDH isoenzyme and troponin

Question 36

How can hemolysis affect CK analysis

Answer 36

RBC contain adenylate kinase which can react with ADP to create ATP causing falsely evelated ATP produciton

Question 37

Catalyzes the interconversion of lactic and pyruvic acids with NAD as a coenzyme

Answer 37

LDH

Question 38

LDH isoenzyme found in Heart and RBC

Answer 38

LDH-1 (HHHH) | LDH-2 (HHHM)

Question 39

Highest levels of total LDH is seen in what disorder

Answer 39

Pernicious anemia | Hemolytic disorders

Question 40

What are the liver enzymes

Answer 40

ALT ALP LDH GGT