Epidemiology Flashcards
1
Q
What is epidemiology?
A
- study of occurrence, distribution and control of disease in human populations
2
Q
What is important to understand about a pathogen?
A
- natural history
- understand ability to grow, reproduce and maintain existence
3
Q
What do epidemiologists trace?
A
- spread of disease to identify origin and mode of transmission
4
Q
What does bubonic mean?
A
- not contageous
5
Q
What does numonic mean
A
- when it reaches lungs it is transmitted by breathing
6
Q
What does overpopulation of a bacteria indicate?
A
- predator is missing (something is missing)
7
Q
What is disease prevalence?
A
- proportion/percentage of diseased individuals at any one time
- ex. 2/3: 70% of population diseased
8
Q
What is disease incidence?
A
- number of diseased individuals
- ex. 12 people, 14 chipmunks
9
Q
What is an epidemic?
A
- when disease occurs in unusually high number of individuals in a population at same time
- contained locally
10
Q
What is a pandemic?
A
- widely distributed epidemic (world)
- air travel
11
Q
What is an endemic?
A
- disease constantly present in population with low incidence
12
Q
What does sporadic mean?
A
- disease occurrence where individual cases are recorded in geographically separated places
- similar but separated
13
Q
What is an outbreak?
A
- number of cases observed in short period of time where previously only sporadic disease reported
14
Q
What are carriers?
A
- individual subclinically infected with no/mild symptoms (actively carrying pathogen)
- subtle enough host does not notice, organisms persist longer than we notice
15
Q
What is mortality?
A
- measure of incidence of death in population (numbers)
