Epigenetics

Question 0

Some genes to be expressed from only one parental allele while silencing the other

Answer 0

Genomic imprinting

Question 1

Early 1990s study unlocking chemical structure of genes in humans

Answer 1

Human Genome Project

Question 2

DNA Methylation, Histone modification, RNAs

Answer 2

Genomic imprinting

Question 3

Happy puppet children

Answer 3

Angelman Syndrome

Question 4

Deletion of chromosome 15 in mothers

Answer 4

Angelman Syndrome

Question 5

Gene UBE3A located at chromoseome 15q11-13

Answer 5

Angelman Syndrome

Question 6

Floppy at birth, insatiable appetite, fatty

Answer 6

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Question 7

Deletion of chromosome 15 from father

Answer 7

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Question 8

Deletion of proximal arm of chromosome 15

Answer 8

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Question 9

Attaching methyl groups each with one Carbon atom and 3 hydrogen atoms

Answer 9

DNA Methylation

Question 10

Turns off or silences genes

Answer 10

DNA Methylation

Question 11

Turns off agouti gene

Answer 11

Folic acid (B-12)

Question 12

All chemical compounds that have been added to the entirety of one’s DNA (genome) as way to regulate activity (expression)

Answer 12

Epigenetics

Question 13

Above the genome

Answer 13

Epigenome

Question 14

_____ as hardware ______ as software

Answer 14

Genome; Epigenome

Question 15

Remains as cells divide and sometimes inerited

Answer 15

Epigenomic modifications

Question 16

Shows that behavior of one subject can change gene expression in a different subject

Answer 16

Experience changes epigenome

Question 17

Does epigenetic changes accumulate?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

“It’s not the genes that the mother brings into the game, it’s the behavior the mom that has an impact on offspring years after the mom is gone”

Answer 18

Yes, experience changes epigenomes

Question 19

Encode proteins for regulation. Inactivation of such genes can lead to cancer

Answer 19

Tumor Suppressor Gene

Question 20

Most commonly inactivated gene in human cancers

Answer 20

TP53

Question 21

Transcription factor that stops abnormal cell growth and induces apoptosis in cells with sustained DNA damage

Answer 21

TP53

Question 22

“Good” genes that turn to cancer cells when mutated

Answer 22

Proto-oncogenes

Question 23

“Bad” genes

Answer 23

Oncogenes

Question 24

Turning on and off is a way of gettig epigenetic disease

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Cytidine nucleoside analog that bind to DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in an irreversible, covalent manner

Answer 25

Decitabine (DAC)

Question 26

Sequestration of DNMTs prevent maintenance of methylation state of DNA, leading to _________________

Answer 26

DNA hypomethylation

Question 27

What contributes to anticancer effects of these drugs?

Answer 27

Re-expression of aberrantly methylated genes involved in normal cell cycle control; Differentiation; Apoptotic pathways

Question 28

Famine might affect people almost a century later

Answer 28

Oerkalix study

Question 29

Study focusing on experience changing epigenomes

Answer 29

Szyf and Meaney Rat Studies