Epilepsy + Seizures Flashcards
What is Epilepsy definition?
Umbrella term for a collection of seizures where there are episodes of abnormal electrical activity
What are the 2 main investigations with px with Epilepsy
MRI
Electroencephalography (EEG)
what are 2 types of Epilepsy’s that occur in adults
Generalised Tonic-Clonic seizure
Focal Seizure (“temporal”)
What are the 3 types of Epilepsy that occur in children
Absence Seizure (“Blank”)
Atonic Seizure (“Drop Attacks”)
Myoclonic Seizure (“Jump”)
What are the 3 stages in a Generalised Tonic-Clonic Seizure
Muscle Tensing (Tonic)
Muscle Jerking (Clonic)
Postictal Period (drowsiness after seizure)
What 4 symptoms can arise with a generalised tonic-clonic seizure that doesn’t include the tonic/clonic part
Tongue Biting
Incontinence
Groaning
Irregular Breathing
what is the 1st and 2nd line treatment in a Generalised Tonic-Clonic Seizure
1st ==> Sodium Valproate
2nd ==> Carbamazepine
Where does focal seizures affect in the head?
What can this lead to (4)
Temporal Lobes
==> Memory affected
==> Speech affected
==> Hallucinations
==> Deja Vu
What is the 1st and 2nd line treatment in a focal seizure (temporal)
1st ==> Carbamazepine
2nd ==> Sodium Valproate
In an absence seizure, how long does the child typically stare into space for?
10-30s
Treatment for Absence seizures?
Sodium Valproate
Atonic Seizure in Children is caused by what?
Brief lapses in muscle tone => randomly falling over
What are Atonic Seizures potentially indicative of (syndrome)?
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
==> Brain injury that results in children having seizures
Myoclonic Seizures leads to what happening in children?
Brief muscle contraction ==> Randomly jump up
Myoclonic seizures is potentially indicative of what (Syndrome)
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
